AMERICAN* FRUIT AND VEGETABLE JOURNAL April, u joo. 
i'lg I . Hon Dari* A ifplc Tree. 
Twki' Sprayed lu l.y.is. Coni pari* with I 'la. II. 
illli'd. .Such was tlie comlitiuu of the apple 
crop throughout the eouutry during ino 
season just passed, Kueh succeeding 
monthly crop report gave a s inn Her nnd 
still si miller per ceiil ui iu esilimite lor a 
fruit crop. 
Scientists and prominent frtfll grower* 
have found a remedy I" prgveut this fun- 
gus upon the h at and trim mid It Is being 
used with success by pruellcnl fruit grow- 
ers. The remedy Is known a* burden ux 
mixture, and cons)* Is of copper sulphate, 
freshly slaked lime and staler lit the pro- 
portion of: 
Copper sulphate . . i pound* 
Lime pound* 
Water M gii Hons 
Inwcta. 
insect*, and their niium U legion, also 
eulUhllie with fungus In reader the labor of 
the I roll grower void The leaf crumpler, 
leaf hopper, sk> leionlfc* i , tent caterpillar, 
canker worm, codliug ninth t ie., attack tlu* 
h at nr fruit, l’un* green udmlut«ieiwd In 
sniu II dose* has proven u gum] defense and 
now the fruit grower slam out In tint 
• arly spring, knowing sshai hi* bu* to ex 
peel and like an able general "gets there" 
ahead or his enemy. Jt he delays, he Und* 
In* foe entrenched and diltlcult iu dislodge 
nmJ if his effort* conic loo lute be mil) 
even meet defeat. 
It Is neeemtury to apply the Is ird on ax 
in i x t uiv us Siam after the trees ore m full 
bloom as possible ThU is for the fungus, 
li K also uecesiinrj that the parls greeu he 
applied in about the same lime, ami fur 
tunat.'lj It i* possible to combine Hum- two 
remedies and apply them at one nuil the 
■note ►piaying. l*uri* green is usetl iu the 
proportion of lour ouiui-h to fifty go Hun* 
of water. 
Hew to Make the Mixture. 
Cut four )«,uud» «.r copper .• ulphute Into 
a ‘x unity ' or other too iw Mick and su* 
p* nd It into ;t v. >»el hohilng four gallon* 
ot water nutll it Is dissolved, ft train ti„. 
• upper > ulphute KMilntlou into a fifty gallon 
bun el Into Which has beep plac ed H bo ut 
iturt) gallon* ol clear water, using a tine 
Hour sloe for the purpose Hlukc four 
pound* of fresh lime; dilute the lime until 
tl is of tie* coiwUrtone, .,f nollk and (drain 
thin into the barrel also Sow lake four 
ounces of parls green tor lundon purple) 
and after mixing It Into a paste ui a half 
p ut of water, mill to the mixture .tlrvaily 
In ilm barrel Sow, till up tile barrel mid 
with (In* spray pump In poxlllun on Ilm 
Ixirrel you ire ready for work. 
Where a cenMdc ruble () u utility of iitute- 
rlal l» used, 1 find it convenient to sun- 
peud sixty pound) of copper sulpha (c >n 
a burrel of fitly galluiw! of wafer. The 
aulphaie i» put iu»o a "gtm&y" and mi*- 
pemlcd in i tic top of file barrel, half nr 
1 wo thirds emerged In the water. A- the 
writer dissolve* tlu* sulphate, the solution 
heavier man miii.t sink* nnd a tce.vb pm 
Ihte of water enme* into contact with this 
undliaolved portion and no the process 
gue- on. If i be suit i hate were iliimpcd In 
I" the barrel || would go to the bottom nnd 
• lie water iinbieilliilcly In contact with it 
would remain then nnd the water tn tie* 
upper portion of tlm barrel would rontnlb 
no sulphate whntovor, 
Tim lime also euu lie slaked iu binmr 
ipia u"t ie. , nut no more lliuu can In* iio-d 
wntiin tin- week a.: ii should |n. rn-sli Tim 
ipuihtlty iif water used In 'hiking fame 
should be known no that it can be tnoar 
i n vi 1 out in proper proportion Reim-ntber. 
Jlill must Ilf melinite If yoll lire to Mle- 
coed. For the time being you are u prac- 
tical chemist dealing in weights and 
men Mire, 
Applying the Spray. 
Mount your barrel or tank upon n wag 
on nnd proceed to the oifeltord. Ii i-< smiu 
iluies most com eniijut to spray *ldc 
of a row of apple trees ns you pa** along, 
leaving the other eldK to be •prayed on 
your ret urn. l-’or Inrge nrcluird*. two lines 
of hose should In- used, one on eneh side 
of Ihe wagon, each Ilm* In tlm linniU of an 
operator who direct* the spray upon the 
trees. Apply the spray until every por 
lion of the leaf surface oulslde nnd Inside 
the tree I* Hysieniftticnlly and thoroughly 
• fivervd. In my own orchard, my (Hive 
linn to the men I* to apply tlu* spray until 
the leaves begin to <tr)p. I'ot onim-tllenoe 
in applying the spray, 1 use bamboo rods 
With a double venuurel no/zle al lie* iipper 
■■ml uud at tlie lower eiul a vulvt by wlileb 
'lu* spray enri be ‘'topped Or started lit will 
With such a rod the spray can be very line 
and nil portion* of (be tree reached, With 
low or young live* the hose men can op- 
erate from the ground; with (all trees from 
l he top of the wagon, or lu extreme eases 
from u Staging built iitiim- the wagon 
I or large orehard* a tank holding 31*0 to 
'A r .u gallons is neeesSaty and It may some- 
time* lie necessary to have two or even 
three outfits. Our man to drive tlu- temn 
■mil obe man to euiJfi line of hose i* ueces- 
sury to do g-iflil work. It take* cm* and 
one half to two hours to spray out a IffiO 
-"Ihm tnitk of material, varying aepurd 
Itig to Hie rtlxe of the treea. 
Value nl Spraying to Orchardists. 
riii« i* hard i" estimate, lmt Judging 
’rent results obtained In lliis experimental 
• tulion II. Is year, or . Hewuere, it Is safe 
to aa.v that sevcVnl mtllhm* of dollars 
would hare been saved to the fruit grow- 
ers ot Illinois alone, if systematic up ray 
log of the orchards or the slate nnd been 
done last spring. 
Some Experiments In Station No. d. 
Ilgurr l shows Hen Davis apple trees 
• prair.l tn |s;iv|. Figure 2, Ren Davis (roes 
in same orchard nnuprnyed I'lcturen t-ili 
I II < b teller I, IStWv. Note Ihe In 
Mlage No good fruit Inula can lie de- 
1 II Hen Dull- IM-e III siluie row- and orejuiril as l-'i - | hut 
unspniji-.I, 
