i5« 
Blackburn . — On the Vascular Anatomy of 
Text-fig. 3 
vione neniorosa. 
coat removed, x 
Ane- 
Seed- 
strands of the first few foliage leaves are absent, but otherwise the seedling 
agrees with the other species in its anatomical features. 
The two other species examined form tubers at a very early age. 
A. nemorosa possesses two sessile hypogeal cotyledons (see Text-fig. 3). 
The epicotyledonary axis does not elongate, and but a single foliage leaf 
is formed at the apex of the tuber during the first 
season. The plumular anatomy shows a ring of 
small collateral bundles widely separated owing to 
the tuberous character of the axis. The individual 
strands frequently have a single radial row of 
secondary wood elements, and in consequence the 
wings to the diarch plate of the hypocotyl are very 
long and narrow. 
In connexion with this species Marie 1 describes 
individual endodermal sheaths round the separate 
bundles, both in the rhizome and aerial stem. 
A young rhizome showed a quite normal ring of 
bundles, but no trace of endodermis was observed. 
A. apennina seedlings are noticeable in having a single two-lobed 
cotyledon. Root structure is arrived at in the cotyledonary petiole as 
described by Dr. Thomas. 2 The behaviour of the plumular strands in the 
tuber is anomalous and has not yet been fully worked out. In addition to 
the strands connecting directly with the central diarch 
plate there are also five peripheral collateral bundles 
which join the root stele only at the base of the tuber. 
E rant his. The adult anatomy is unusual as regards 
its aerial stem in that, as in Anemone nemorosa , the indi- 
vidual bundles are surrounded by endodermis. 3 The seed- 
ling figured (Text-fig. 4) was too young to make reliable 
observations on the plumular strands. A year-old seedling 
bearing a single (? first) foliage leaf showed endodermal 
sheaths to its leaf-trace strands, but no endodermis was 
distinguished in the tuber. The structure of the tuber 
will be further investigated. It shows a ring of irregular 
bundles connected by cambium and, within the ring, 
medullary vascular tissues. The xylem in all cases was 
of isodiametric tracheides. 
Delphinium. According to Marie, both annual and perennial species 
of this genus have, in their adult stems, a vascular cylinder of separate 
Text-fig. 4. 
Eranthis hiemalis. 
§ nat. size. 
1 Marie : loc. cit., p. 58. 
2 Thomas, E. N. : Seedling Anatomy of Ranales, &c. Ann. of Bot., October, 1914, 
p. 704. 
3 Marie : loc. cit., p. 92. 
