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there has been a very good fruiting season but unfortunately such years 
of plenty are not frequent. Apparently these Engkabangs (the two 
mentioned hereafter included) have their fruiting season all at the same 
time but the interval of fruiting — in quantity at any rate— is usually 
five, six, seven, or even more years. From a study of the trade returns 
published in the Sarawak Gazette I find that Engkabang seeds were 
exported in the following years : Feb. to Sept. 1903 a particularly good 
season, the large quantity of 25,000 piculs being exported : — April 1897 
a poor season : Oct. 1895 March 1896 a moderate season. In other 
years small quantities are exported, a fact which, considering the very 
great local demand, would indicate that Engkabangs fruit more frequent- 
ly than is ordinarily supposed. 
According to native evidence their is some considerable variation 
in the size of the ripe fruit and perhaps by suitable selection and 
cultivation a good fruiting strain could be produced. 
In the Kuching bazaar the market price is now five dollars per 
picul for the seeds : they come mostly from the Eejang river and some 
also from Lundu, Sadong and upper Sarawak. 
Engkabang Asu. This is a smaller fruit being not much more than 
an inch long : its three larger wings however reach a length of six 
inches. The tree is common in lowland jungles but is not planted by 
natives. It is known to Sea Dyaks as Engkabang rambai or buah 
lijan. Botanically it is a Shorea {S. Pinanga, Scheff.) 
Engkabang changai is still smaller and the five wings of the fruit are 
only about f inch long. To Sea Dyaks it is known as Enteglam or 
Teglam and I believe this is also synonymous with Engkabang terindak 
(Malay) and Engkabang tanggoi (sea Dyak). The oil of teglam is 
perhaps the most esteemed of all amongst natives, partly because it 
will keep for years in good condition. The tree is planted by sea 
Dyaks. It also is a Dipterocarp — Isoptera borneensis. In the market 
these two latter kinds of Engkabang appear mixed up together the mixture 
now selling for $2.80 per picul : it comes from the Eejang district, 
Lundu, Upper Sarawak and Saribas. 
There appear to be one or two other jungle Dipterocarps (e.g. 
Brabutus or Mirabutus) whose fruits are occasionally sought after but 
they are not so acceptable as the large Engkabang or the Teglam. 
The order of Sapotaccae has in Sarawak only one kind of fat 
producing tree well known to natives and this is the Katio or Kachiau 
or Ising. The tree grows fairly commonly near the Nipa palms in the 
tidal swamps of the Saribas and Kalaka districts where the fruit is 
much sought after. The fruit which is small in size has not been put 
on the market the natives consuming the whole supply. Under 
pressure the seeds yield a pale yellow liquid oil which has an odour of 
bitter almonds. It is much esteemed by natives and the oil is valued 
at one dollar per gantang. Botanically it is Bassia Motleyana. 
Another species of Bassia called Katio Antu is used for the same 
purpose but is not so much valued the fat being rather bitter. The 
tree grows further inland than the Katio proper. It is known to 
natives that a number of other Sapotaceous trees produce fatty fruits 
but only occasionally is the fat extracted, such is the case with the niato 
minyak which has an oil like Katio, the niato rian, the niato babi and 
