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ME. H. N. MOSELEY ON THE ANATOMY AND 
fig. 10) and rod-like bodies (Plate X. fig. 9), and also in great abundance bodies like A 
(Plate X. fig. 10), which are irregular elongated masses of finely granular material which 
stain deeply with carmine ; and as they are often seen to be in connexion with the glands 
beneath the skin, are probably masses of slime hardened by the spirit in the act of their 
extrusion by those glands. The gland-cells and rod-like bodies are usually far more 
numerous than they appear in fig. 1, Plate XI. : they present various curious forms in 
spirit preparations; those seen in Plate X. figs. 9 & 10 are common; but these forms 
are unnatural and due to shrinking. 
If a vertical section of the epidermis be treated with a solution of caustic potash the 
■contracted tissue swells up, and it presents the appearance represented in fig. 4, Plate XI., 
which is probably very nearly that which exists in the living state. The epidermis here 
is seen to be made up of large gland-cells (G) and cells containing rod-like bodies (R) 
and a certain amount of vertical filaments. The gland-cells are large oval sacs with 
granular contents, and are very like those which may be seen in a living Planaria 
torva. From the appearance presented by gland-cells altered by the action of spirit, as 
in B, fig. 10, Plate X. (which is the form most usually to be met with), it would appear 
that these cells burst at the extremity and discharge their contents. The cell appears 
to have a double wall, for an irregular crumpled membrane is to be seen often within it, 
evidently shrivelled up by the action of spirit. The rod-like bodies (“ Stabchen-Kor- 
perchen ”), when acted on by potash, are seen to be of an elongated cylindrical form, with 
rounded ends and with a closely fitting investing membrane, which appears to be usually 
attached below by a sort of peduncle to the basement membrane. The irregular 
filaments which fill up the interspaces between the gland-cells and rod-like bodies 
appear to be the remains of the cell-walls of gland-cells and rod-like bodies, a violent 
discharge of rod-like bodies and mucus having probably taken place when the amimals 
were put into spirit or chromic acid. The entire substance of the epidermis is probably 
made up, in the living condition, of cells resembling the gland-cells described, but of 
various dimensions, and of cells containing rod-like bodies. I was unable to detect cilia 
on other parts of the body, except in the region of the papillary line on the head, which 
will be described with the special sense-organs, and on the living membrane of the 
mouth and its cavity. Cilia are, however, probably present all over the body-surface, 
although they must be much weaker and more easily destroyed than those which are 
situated on each side of the ambulacral line, which were found to be invariably present 
in all specimens, and which require further study in the fresh state for their perfect eluci- 
dation. Max Schultze (loc. cit. 4, p. 34) found cuticular cells present in Geoplana , 
though they are absent in the smaller aquatic Planarians. Geoplana had, however, 
remarkably enough, no “ Stabchen-Korperchen,” which is remarkable ; they perhaps 
escaped observation, as only one specimen was available for examination. 
Cilia . — On each side of the ambulacral line in Bipalium, and also in Bhynchodemus , 
the epidermis alters its character. It becomes far thicker and apparently less definite 
in structure ; and it is here clothed with long and stout cilia (Plate X. fig. 5), which 
