676 
DR. A. MATTH1ESSEN AND MR. C. R. A. WRIGHT ON THE 
I. 0-3120 grm., dried at 100°, gave 0-6545 grm. carbonic acid and 0-1650 water. 
II. 0-3460 grm. gave 0*7150 carbonic acid and 0-1670 water. 
Calculated. Eound. 
^12 
144 
56-69 
I. 
57-21 
ii. 
56-36 
H 14 
14 
5-51 
5-87 
5-37 
0 6 
96 
37-80 
— 
— 
C 10 H 9 (C 2 H 5 )O 6 . 
254 
100-00 
I. was prepared by the action of hydrochloric acid gas on a solution of hemipinic 
acid in absolute alcohol. 
II. prepared by the action of aqueous alcohol on hemipinic anhydride. 
Ethyl-hemipinic acid digested under paraffin with strong hot hydrochloric acid becomes 
converted into hemipinic acid and chloride of ethyl, 
C 10 H 9 (C 2 H 5 ) 0 6 + H Cl = C 10 H 10 0 6 + C 2 H 5 Cl, 
and the hemipinic acid is thus acted on, producing methyl-hypogallic acid. 
Conclusion . — It may be as well to sum up as briefly as possible what has been done 
in the four portions of this research*. 
1st. It has been proved, from the analyses of various samples of narcotine derived 
from various sources, that narcotine has always the same composition, viz. C 22 NO ? 
(Part I. p. 346). 
2nd. As stated by former observers, narcotine under the influence of oxidizing agents 
splits up into opianic acid and cotarnine. 
^22 H 23 N0 7 + O = C 10 H 10 0 5 + C 12 H 13 N0 3 . 
3rd. When heated a long time with water, or 'per se at 200°, narcotine splits up into 
meconin and cotarnine (Part IV. p. 667). 
C 22 H 23 N0 7 = C 10 H 10 0 4 + C 12 H 13 N0 3 . 
4th. When narcotine is heated with excess of hydrochloric acid for a short time 
(about two hours), chloride of methyl is formed, and one atom of H substituted for one 
of CH 3 in the narcotine ; if heated for a long time (some days), two atoms of H are 
substituted for two of CH 3 ; when heated with fuming hydriodic acid, iodide of methyl 
is formed in such quantities as proves that three atoms of H are substituted for three of 
CH 3 . A series of homologous bases is thus formed (Eational formulse, Part IV.), whose 
decompositions are analogous to those of narcotine. 
5th. Cotarnine has been shown to have the formula 
C 12 H 13 N0 3 , and not C 13 H 13 N0 3 , 
* Parts I. and II. by Professor G. C. Foster and one of us, Phil. Trans. 1863, p. 345, and 1867, p. 657. 
Part III. 1869, p. 661. Part IY. 1869, p. 667. 
