Principles of Classification. 
3 
This is called style or pistil ; and from the number of 
pistils the orders are determined ; as the tulip, in which 
there is one pistil, belongs to the first order. In the 
pink there are two pistils, and it belongs to the second 
order of its class. 
The characters of the genus are usually derived From 
the other parts of the flower, and those of the species 
are taken either from some peculiarity in the parts of 
fructification, or from the leaves, stem, or root. But, 
to be able to discriminate plants with facility and ac- 
curacy, it is necessary that the student of botany be 
familiar with the language which is employed, and be 
well acquainted with those parts on which the charac- 
ter of the classes, and of their subordinate divisions, 
depends. * 
Principles op the Linnjean Classification. 
The characters of the classes and orders of the Lia- 
nsean system are taken from the parts of fructification j 
those of the genera from the same parts, and those of 
the species from the leave®, stems, and roots. 
Parts of Fructification. 
The parts of fructification, as they are described by 
Linnaeus, are seven in number ; and as some of these 
parts are wanting in some plants, they are not all es- 
sentially necessary to the perfection of the seed or 
fruit. The seven parts are, the calyx or cup, the co- 
rolla or flower, the stamina or stamens, the pistillum or 
pistil, the pericarpium or seed-vessel, the seed, and the 
reeeptaculum or receptacle. 
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