PERSISTENCE OE PUTREFACTIVE AND INFECTIVE ORGANISMS. 
181 
minutes’ boiling entirely gave way. In these present experiments, where greater care 
was taken, two out of the six turnip-bulbs and three out of the six melon-bulbs 
remained permanently barren. Even this amount of success proved afterwards so excep- 
tional that it might be fairly regarded as accidental. 
On the 4th of January the experiments were continued. The pipette-bulbs employed 
were first carefully washed with carbolic acid, which was removed as far as possible with 
ordinary water. They were then washed with a solution of caustic potash, and finally 
rinsed out with distilled water. They were not subjected to the action of the Bunsen 
flame. The infusions employed were turnip (sp. gr. 1006) and melon (sp. gr. 1008), 
I could not be certain that the motion of the liquid fillet at the end e of the pipette 
with which the bulb B, fig. 8, had been charged, had not drawn into the neck of the 
bulb a modicum of the external air. In the 
Fig. 9. 
present experiments, therefore, the method of » 
ing way: — The glass T-tube employed in our 
last experiments had its end a, which was to 
be connected with the air-pump, drawn out to 
a small orifice and bent as in fig. 9. The 
branch connected with the bulb was also drawn 
out to a tube of fine bore, which entered the 
neck of the bulb for some distance to e, the 
thicker part above being connected with the 
neck of the bulb by india-rubber tubing. The 
end b , as before, was plugged with cotton- 
wool and provided with a pinchcock, p. The 
object here aimed at was that the liquid should 
be discharged into the bulb far below the india- 
rubber connecting-piece, and that during the 
discharge it should pass only through filtered 
air. 
Each bulb was exhausted in the manner 
already described, and refilled three times in 
succession. When last filled it was plunged 
for a minute or so into iced water, with the 
view of rendering the air within, the bulb denser than that without. The pinch- 
cock^? being closed, the whole apparatus was then detached from the air-pump. On 
being lifted fiom the iced water into the warmer air there was a gentle outflow of air 
from a. 
The mode of charging the bulb was this : — The point a was well sunk into the infusion, 
and the associated bulb, B, was plunged into boiling water. There was an immediate 
MDCCCLXXVII. 9 
