6 Campbell . — The Development of the Flower and 
differ in any marked degree from similar structures in other 
Monocotyledons. The cells have delicate walls, and densely 
granular protoplasm with a distinct nucleus. The whole 
aspect of the cells is that of secretory ones, but this point 
was not further investigated. 
Development of the Inflorescence. 
The primary inflorescence, as we have seen, is the direct 
prolongation of the original stem-apex of the young plant, 
and the later ones have a similar relation to the secondary 
shoots, which first produce a single leaf and then elongate 
at once to form the inflorescence. The apex gives rise to 
a stamen, while the other flowers — except the basal pistillate 
ones — are formed as lateral appendages. The lowermost 
flowers are usually female, with a moderately long style, and 
without any subtending bract ; but the other flowers have 
below them a small bract, which probably is the equivalent 
of the leaf at the base of the main shoots. 
The arrangement of the flowers upon the inflorescence 
shows a good deal of variation. The commonest arrangement 
upon well-developed spikes is that in which the lowest flowers 
are pistillate, the central ones hermaphrodite — or probably 
a secondary inflorescence made up of two flowers, male and 
female, — and those at the apex are staminate only. The 
writer has, however, seen cases where all the flowers were 
staminate, each stamen being subtended by a bract ; and 
Hieronymus 1 figures a specimen where only female flowers 
were developed. In the latter case, to judge from his 
figures, all the flowers were destitute of bracts. Where 
a single flower only is produced in the axil of the bract, 
the primordium or young shoot is transformed directly into 
the carpel or stamen, as the case may be ; but when the 
carpel and stamen are formed together, there is a division 
of the primordium into two equal parts, and this appears 
1 Monografia de Lilaea, PI. I, Fig. 6. 
