West & West. — Observations on the Conjugatae. 35 
close to the above-mentioned locality, and at the same alti- 
tude, had a water-temperature of 20°C. In this lake fine 
examples of Staurastrum Meriani occurred, and it is evident 
that they must be capable of withstanding frost for a few 
months during the winter. We have found specimens of 
Closterium striolatum and Cylindrocystis Brebissonii 1 in mate- 
rial collected on the top of Green Hill, Clova Mts., at 2,700 ft., 
from water which was derived from melting snow close by, 
and which could not be more than i° or 2°C. These speci- 
mens were collected by Mr. J. H. Burkill in May, 1897. We 
also point out the four following papers dealing entirely with 
snow-floras : — 
S. Berggren : Alger fran Gronlands inlandis (Ofvers. K. 
Vet.-Akad. Forh. 1871, No. 2). 
V. B. Wittrock : Om snons och isens flora, sarskeldt i de 
arktiska trakterna (A. E. Nordenskiold, Studier och 
forskningar foranleda af mina resor i hoga norden), 
Stockholm, 1883. 
G. Lagerheim : Bidrag till kannedomen om snofloran i Lulea 
Lappmark(BotaniskerNotiser, 1883, Heft 6), Lund, ] 883. 
G. Lagerheim : Die Schneeflora des Pichineha, ein Beitrag 
zur Kenntniss der Nivalen Algen und Pilze (Bericht. d. 
Deutsch. Botan. Gesellsch., Jahrg. 1892, Bd. x, Heft 8), 
Berlin, 1892. 
In the same paper by Mr. Ewart we also find (p. 439) the 
following statement : ‘ It is well known that prolonged ex- 
posure to direct sunlight is fatal to . . . many Algae.’ From 
our own experience we should at once say that nothing 
could be more beneficial to Freshwater Algae than prolonged 
exposure to direct sunlight, provided they remain under 
natural conditions. 
Round the margins of the two ponds on Frensham Common, 
Surrey, there is a belt of very shallow water, which is the 
home of large numbers of Algae, and these plants on bright 
1 This species occurs in pure gelatinous masses (during early spring before 
Easter) on the peat at the extreme summit (2,346 feet) of Great Shunnor Fell in 
N. Yorks. 
D 2 
