520 Wager . — The Nucleus of the Yeast-Plant. 
show the appearance of a coiled thread. This appearance is 
often observed just before the sporulation of a Yeast-cell. 
On staining some of these cells on the slide with fuchsin, 
the granules can be seen stained fairly clearly, and in the 
midst of them the nuclear body faintly stained and rather 
difficult to make out. Some of Hieronymus’ figures give one 
a very good idea of the appearance of these granules when 
stained, except that only in very few cases could any appear- 
ance of the nature of a coiled thread be seen. I have not yet 
been able to ascertain exactly what these granules are, but 
from the fact that some of them disappear on soaking in 
ether, and that they become coloured red in alkanin, they 
are probably of an oily nature ; the others are probably 
proteid granules. 
In addition to the nuclear body, there is present in the 
Yeast-cell in all species which I have examined, another 
structure which seems to be part of the nuclear apparatus. 
In young actively-growing cells this is represented by a 
vacuole containing a stainable substance, sometimes in the 
form of granules, sometimes in the form of a network, some- 
times an irregularly shaped mass attached to the wall of the 
vacuole by fine threads (Fig. i, &c.). In older cells it is 
represented by a more or less deeply stained granular net- 
work in which a small vacuole or vacuoles is sometimes visible 
(Figs. 22-27). This vacuole is taken for the nucleus by 
Janssens and Leblanc, who describe the nucleus of the 
Yeast-plant as consisting of a membrane, caryoplasm, and 
a nucleinated nucleolus. But according to them its structure 
is not always the same : in some cells the nucleus is a homo- 
geneous body, but at the commencement of fermentation 
it presents in the fresh cell the aspect of a vacuole containing 
a spherule animated by Brownian movements. The moving 
spherule is regarded by the authors as the nucleolus, and is 
the same thing as the crystalloid of Hieronymus. In other 
words, the vacuole which can easily be seen in most Yeast- 
cells, without any special preparation, at the beginning of 
fermentation, is regarded by these observers as the nucleus. 
