330 
RUSTY GRAKLE. 
The summer dress of the Snow Bunting is a tawny brown, 
interspersed with white, covering the head, neck, and lower 
parts ; the back is black, each feather being skirted with 
brown ; wings and tail, also black, marked in the following 
manner : — the three secondaries next the body are bordered 
with bay, the next with white, and all the rest of the secon- 
daries, as well as their coverts, and shoulder of the wing, pure 
white ; the first six primaries are black from their coverts 
downwards to their extremities ; tail, forked, the three exterior 
feathers on each side white, marked on the outer edge near 
the tip with black, the rest nearly all black ; tail-coverts, 
reddish brown, fading into white ; bill, pale brown ; legs and 
feet, black ; hind claw, long, like that of the lark, though more 
curved. In winter, they become white on the head, neck, and 
whole under side, as well as great part of the wings and rump ; 
the back continues black, skirted with brown. Some are even 
found pure white. Indeed, so much does their plumage vary 
according to age and season, that no two are found at any 
time alike. 
RUSTY GRAKLE. — GRACULA FERRUGINEA. 
Plate XXL Fig. 3. 
Black Oriole, Arct. Zool. p. 259, No. 144.. — Rusty Oriole, Ibid. p. 260, No. 146. — 
New York Thrush, Ibid. p. 339, No. 205. — Hudsonian Thrush, Ibid. No. 234, 
female. — Labrador Thrush, Ibid. p. 340, No. 206. — Peale's Museum, No. 5514. 
SCOLEPHA G US FERR UGINE US . — Swainson. 
Quiscalus ferrugineus, JSonap. Synop. p. 55. — Scolephagus ferrugineus, North. Zool. 
ii. p. 286. 
Here is a single species described by one of the most 
judicious naturalists of Great Britain no less than five different 
times ! — the greater part of these descriptions is copied by 
succeeding naturalists, whose synonyms it is unnecessary to 
repeat : so great is the uncertainty in judging, from a mere 
examination of their dried or stuffed skins, of the particular 
