FORAMINIFERA FROM THE NORTH ATLANTIC AND ARCTIC OCEANS. 351 
Lagena sulcata, Walker and Jacob. Plate XIII. figs. 24, 28-32 (Arctic) ; Plate XVI. 
figs. 6, 7, 7 a (North Atlantic). 
This is the typical form of Lagena ; its variations lead, in one direction, into the 
feebler forms (L. semistriata, Icevis , globosa ) ; on the other hand, we have varieties with 
reticulated, hispid, and granular ornament; and there are also compressed forms, and 
elongate varieties, departing more or less widely from the middle type presented by 
the ovate and characteristically costate Lagence. 
Figs. 30 & 31 represent the best characterized forms (though not absolutely the 
largest) that we know of in the group of Lagence. This is shown in their boldness of 
growth, the strength of their ribs (twelve to fourteen in number), and particularly in 
the radiated structure of the aperture. This last seems to be a rare condition ; we have 
as yet seen it only in these specimens *, but it is one among many features showing the 
intimate relationship between Lagena, Nodosarina, and Polymorphina. 
L. sulcata of Walker and Jacob, in Kanmacher’s edition of Adam's 4 Essays,’ well- 
figured previously by Walker and Boys, is a good-conditioned, strongly ribbed, and 
flask-shaped shell; our figs. 28-31 present less neck; but Williamson’s figure oiL. vul- 
garis, var. striata (Monogr. p. 6, pi. 1. fig. 10), and Reuss’s figure of his L. Jilicosta 
(Monogr. pi. 4. figs. 50, 51), show as much or more neck and a better lip than Walker’s 
figure does ; but they are rather less globose, passing off into L. Amphora, Reuss, and 
L. gracilis, Williamson. See Reuss’s Monogr. Lagen. pi. 4, where by extreme care the 
ovate, flask-like, and fusiform shapes of the well-ribbed L. sulcata are divided into seven 
44 species,” according to their gradations of shape and modifications of ornament. It is, 
however, next to impossible, and of very little use, to institute minor distinctions with 
these Lagence. 
As explained in the Annals Nat. Hist. 1859, 3 ser. vol. iv. p. 336, Montagu termed 
this form 44 striata,” overlooking the prior name, which alone is necessary. 
Figs. 28 & 29 are from the Hunde Islands, 30-70 fathoms; and from the Arctic 
Ocean (found in the mixed sands). 
Figs. 30 & 31 represent specimens from the Hunde Islands also, three gatherings by 
Dr. P. C. Sutherland, in shelly sandy muds, from 30-70 fathoms; within this limit 
L. sulcata is most common ; and is largest at the greater depth. Perhaps the figured, 
specimens nearest to these are L. Isabella and L. raricosta, D’Orb., from the Falkland 
Islands (Foram. Amer. Merid. p. 20, pi. 5. figs. 7, 8, 10, 11). The almost exact coun- 
terpart of these fine large specimens we have found in the Upper Chalk of Maastricht, 
in the Crag of Suffolk, and in recent shelly sands from the Isle of Man. Reuss figures 
(under other names) long- and short-necked specimens, strongly ribbed, of L. sulcata 
from the Black Crag of Antwerp, and the Septarian Clay of Pietzpuhl and Herms- 
dorf. 
Among the localities given by Williamson for the common L. sulcata (Monogr. p. 6) 
Professor Reuss figures this feature in some of the illustrations of his paper on the Lagenidce, Sitzungsb, 
Ak. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. Cl. vol. xlvi. 1862, Erste Abth. p. 308, &c. pi. 1-7. 
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