588 
ME. E. W. BINNEY ON SOME LOWEE-COAL-SEAM EOSSIL PLANTS. 
in radiating series diverging from certain circular openings, and divided by masses of 
muriform tissue which contain the medullary rays or bundles. 
Fig. 4 is a tangential section of the same parts of the specimen as lastly described, 
magnified 4 diameters ; V V showing the medullary rays or bundles traversing the inner 
radiating cylinder, and d' d' those traversing the outer radiating cylinder. 
Plate XXXIII. fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a portion of the same specimen, 
exhibiting the central axis* and the inner radiating cylinder, magnified 15 diameters. 
Fig. 2 shows several of the vessels of the central axis as they would be if they were 
not ground away in the operations of slicing and polishing, magnified 45 times. 
Fig. 3 is a tangential section of the inner radiating cylinder, b showing the barred 
vessels, and b" the medullary rays or bundles, magnified 15 diameters. 
Figs. 4 & 5, longitudinal and tangential sections of the same specimens, showing the 
structure of the outer radiating cylinder, d denoting the tubes or elongated utricles of 
which it is composed, and d' the medullary rays or bundles which traverse it, magnified 
10 diameters. 
Plate XXXIV. fig. 1 represents a transverse section of a ribbed and furrowed stem 
(No. 3), displaying similar cicatrices to that of No. 2 given in Plate XXXI., and having a 
like central axis, as well as like internal and external radiating cylinders and other parts, 
magnified 2 diameters. It is given for the purpose of more distinctly showing the 
tubes or elongated utricles, d , and the fusiform openings formed of very open muriform 
tissue, d' enclosing the medullary rays or bundles which traverse the external radiating 
cylinder. This it does in a very marked manner: magnified 20 diameters. 
In Plate XXXV. figs. 1, 2 & 3 (Nos. 4, 5 & 6), are shown the exteriors of three central 
axes separated from large ribbed and furrowed stems, in every respect similar to those 
described in Plate XXXI. and Plate XXXIV., and such as might easily be taken for small 
Calamites, magnified diameters. Fig. 4 (No. 7) shows the outside of the internal 
woody cylinder of a Stigmaria with ribbed and furrowed characters, resembling those 
shown on the outsides of the central axes lastly described, also magnified 2| diameters. 
The first three specimens, Nos. 4, 5 & 6, are from the Halifax Hard seam of coal at 
South Owram, but No. 7 is from the Wigan Five Feet Mine, a seam in the middle coal- 
measures. 
The tangential sections which show the medullary rays or bundles that traverse the 
inner and outer radiating cylinders, afford clear evidence of the different appearance of the 
bundles marked b " in Plate XXXIII. fig. 3, from those in Plate XXXIV. fig. 2 marked d'. 
Specimens Nos. 2 & 3 bear considerable resemblance to the Sigillaria elegans of 
Brongniart, with respect to their internal radiating cylinder and the medullary rays 
or bundles which traverse it, assuming that such vessels come from the outside of the 
central axis, and not from the exterior of the internal radiating cylinder, as that distin- 
* In the Plate the small tubes a' a" appear to be divided by septae. This is certainly the case in one slice, 
but in another of the same specimen these septae are not seen, but small barred vessels appear in their places, 
so the former may probably be due to the direction of the slice being cut along the dark line which traverses 
the central axis, as shown in Plate XXXII. figs. 1 & 2. 
