ON THE BBAINS OP TWO IDIOTS OF EUROPEAN DESCENT. 
503 
Various measurements of the Bushwoman’s brain are tabulated at the end of this 
paper, with similar measurements taken from an average female English brain, the 
intracranial cast corresponding with which is in my possession. Furthermore it has 
been thought that additional interest would be given to the subject by introducing into 
the same Table the comparative measurements of a young Chimpanzee’s brain, described 
by me elsewhere*, and also those of the two idiots’ brains hereinafter investigated. 
With regard to these idiots’ brains, the larger one, that of the woman, has been 
temporarily placed at my disposal, for special description of the convolutions, by my 
friend Mr. R. T. Gore of Bath, who has given a general account of this brain to the 
Anthropological Society of London f. I have also had access to a cast of the interior of 
the cranium taken by Mr. Goke, from whom I have likewise received additional infor- 
mation relating to the woman herself. 
The smaller of the two idiots’ brains, and indeed the smallest yet described, that of the 
idiot boy, has been lent to me from the Anatomical Museum of University College, Lon- 
don, by the recommendation of Professor Shakpey. It had been presented to that Mu- 
seum by Professor Jenner, who supplied to the Catalogue a very full and circumstantial 
account of the appearances observed at the post-mortem examination $. When living, 
this idiot was under the observation of Dr. Begley, of the Lunatic Asylum, Hanwell, 
who has kindly given me information concerning the mental manifestations of the boy 
during life. It is to be regretted that, of the skull of this idiot, nothing but the calva- 
rium is preserved, so that I could only obtain a cast of the upper half of the interior 
of the skull. Unfortunately, though this includes the part which lodged the posterior 
lobes of the cerebrum, it scarcely extends to the posterior border of the cerebellum. 
So far as was practicable, the same method of examination was followed with the two 
idiots’ brains as with the Bushwoman’s brain. Nine photographs of the Bushwoman’s 
brain, nine of the idiot woman’s brain, and eight of the idiot boy’s were taken by Mr. Her- 
bert Watkins. Lithographs from these accompany and illustrate this paper. 
I. THE BRAIN OF THE BUSHWOMAN. 
a. General Account. The Face and Head. 
Mr. Dyer states that the height of the Bushwoman was 5 feet, and her age doubtful ; 
but she was certainly aged. It is fair to assume that she presented no remarkable 
departure in either direction from the ordinary intellectual and moral condition of her 
race. Her height being somewhat unusual (that of the Hottentot Venus was 4 feet 
9 inches §), the question arose whether she was a Hottentot, not a Bushwoman proper. 
* Nat. Hist. Review, July 1861. + Anthropological Review, vol. i. 1863. 
+ I recently submitted these facts to the Anthropological Society of London, as will appear in the Anthropo- 
logical Review for August 1863. 
§ See Wailly’s figures, one-fourth the height of nature, in G. Cuvier’s account of the Hottentot Yenus, 
* Hist. Nat. des Mammiferes,’ &c., par I. St. Hilaire et F. Cuvier. Paris, 1826. 
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