504 PROFESSOR MARSHALL OH THE BRAIN OE A BTJSHWOMAN ; AND 
But a friend, long resident at the Cape, who also knows Mr. Dyer, tells me that no 
mistake between these two people is likely to be committed by a Colonist, their habits^ 
mode of life, and language being quite distinct ; and moreover, from a mere glance at the 
cast and photographic portraits, he unhesitatingly pronounced the head to be that of a 
genuine Bushwoman. 
The colour of the skin is brownish black, with pale freckles on both cheeks ; the hair, 
scattered in little tufts over the scalp, is mixed grey and black. There is no trace of 
moustaches or beard, and the hairs of the eyebrows and the eyelashes are very scanty. 
The skin of the face is much wrinkled, partly from the effect of the spirit, but also from 
old age. The eyebrows are not heavy. The distance between the inner angles of the 
eyelids is great, being equal to the width of the eyelids themselves. The conjunctive 
are slightly stained with pigment. The root of the nose is broad and remarkably flat ; 
the nose itself is short, small, and also flattened, the nostrils being visible from the front. 
The cheeks are prominent and wide ; there is great breadth opposite the angles of the 
lower jaws. The chin is square and somewhat prominent. The lower part of the face 
is only slightly prognathous; the mouth is large and projecting; the lips are thick, but 
rather straight in outline, the peculiar curves of the upper lip, as seen in the European, 
not being well pronounced. The ears are long, but tolerably flat to the head ; the right 
one is equal in length to the vertical distance between the eyebrows and the mouth ; 
the left one is shorter ; their cartilaginous forms are well developed ; the lobe is short 
and wide, and its posterior border glides without distinction into that of the rest of the 
ear ; the external auditory meatus is smaller than in the European, and somewhat com- 
pressed from before backwards. The incisor and canine teeth are small ; the upper 
ones are inserted somewhat obliquely, the lower ones nearly vertically. All the molars 
are wanting in both jaws, as is also the upper left premolar. The existing teeth are 
much worn, so as to appear short, the canines being quite level with the incisors, a 
proof of advanced age. The tongue is small, and the frsenum scarcely distinguishable. 
Considered as a whole, the face is characterized by the width and flatness of the 
■cheeks, the extreme flatness and small size of the nose, the full mouth, and^ the mode- 
rate amount of prognathism. The general shape of the cranium, seen from above, is a 
long flattened ovoid — the greatest transverse diameter being placed a good way behind 
the ears, from which line the cranium is suddenly rounded backwards, but gradually 
narrowed off towards the forehead, the left half of which projects a little in advance of 
the right. The front, although narrow, is well elevated, so that the line of the vertex 
is evenly curved from before backwards — there being a total absence of the depressed 
forehead often observed in Negro heads. 
Subjoined are a few measurements of the head, by which it will be seen that it is by 
no means small, as regarded from without : — 
inches. 
Total height of the head and face 7T5 
Extreme length of the head and face 7 ‘2 5 
