510 PROFESSOR MARSHALL ON THE BRAIN OF A BUSHWOMAN; AND 
fissure ; that the parietal region is low , though, relatively to the surrounding parts, 
prominent ; that the occipital region is long, but narrow, and also remarkably defective 
in height ; and, lastly, that the temporal region is long, though somewhat narrow. 
As to the relations between the posterior lobes of the cerebrum and the cerebellum, 
the latter is entirely concealed by the former in the upper view of the brain (Plate 
XVII. fig. 1). In the base and lateral views (Plates XVII. & XVIII. figs. 2 & 3), the 
backward projection of the cerebrum beyond the cerebellum is equal to *5 of an inch on 
the left side, and a little more than -3 on the right, where the cerebral hemisphere is 
shorter. The actual amount of overlapping is therefore as great as in the European; 
but the relative overlap, as compared with the length of the cerebrum, of which it 
equals one-thirteenth part, is rather less, owing to the disproportionate length of the 
cerebrum in the Bushwoman. On the base view, less of the posterior part of the cere- 
brum is seen on each side of the cerebellum than usual. The cerebellum itself, judging 
from the intracranial casts, is more prominent at the sides, and proportionally wider 
and longer than in the European ; but its outline is not so full and rounded, so that its 
actual bulk is smaller. It is, however, quite human and not ape-like in shape, 
d. The Fissures , Lobes, and Convolutions of the Cerebrum. 
The Fissures. — The fissure of Sylvius (Plate XVIII. fig. 3, e-e) in the Bushwoman’s 
brain extends well backwards, but inclines more upwards than in the European brain, 
and its course is marked, soon after its commencement, by a peculiar horizontal step. 
It measures 3 inches in length on both sides; in the European brain it is 3’5 inches. 
On the left side, it sends off a branch near its summit, which nearly reaches the vertex. 
Its depth opposite the island of Beil is *75 of an inch, instead of 1 inch (the usual depth)j 
Its margins are not very closely adapted together, especially opposite the hinder border 
of the frontal lobe, which is here very defective. The fissure, indeed, is so patent that, 
without any separation of its margins, a portion of the island of Beil, or central lobe 
(C), though small, is distinctly visible. This condition recalls to mind the foetal state of 
the human cerebrum *, but, so far as I am aware, is not present in any adult quadruma- 
nous brain. The defect in the frontal lobe explains the remarkable constricted form of 
the Bushwoman’s brain, already mentioned as existing at that point, a form whieh we 
may perhaps assume is a characteristic of the Bosjes brain, as it is equally present in 
the brain of the so-called Hottentot V enus, where it has also been noticed by Gratiolet 
as a foetal character f. Coupled with the infantile features noticeable in the Bush- 
woman’s skull, this peculiarity becomes very interesting. 
The fissure of Bolando (Plates XVII. & XVIII. figs. 1 & 3, d-d) commences T25 inch 
behind the tip of the temporal lobe, instead of l - 375 as in the European, just above the 
horizontal step of the Sylvian fissure, from which it is separated as usual. It terminates 
* Compare Teedem: ann’s figures, Anatomie, &c. des Gehirns, &c. Niirnberg, 1816, taf. y. ; and Leuret’s plateB 
29 and 30, Anatomie Comparee du Systeme Nerveux, &c. Paris, 1837. 
t Op. cit. plates 1 and 2, and p. 66. 
