528 
PROFESSOR MARSHALL ON THE BRAIN OF A BUSHWOMAN ; AND 
Female (Boyd) 
40 to 50 years. 
Idiot woman. 
Boy (Boyd) 
7 to 14 years. 
Idiot boy. 
F.npephalon to body 
1 to 33 
1 to 38 
1 to 307 
7*9 to 1 
1 to 140 
1 to 184 
1 to 722 
3-9 to 1 
1 to 14 
1 to 16 
1 to 140 
8*3 to 1 
1 to 67 
1 to 98 
1 to 256 
2-6 to 1 
Cerebrum to body 
Cerphpllum to body 
Cerebrum to cerebellum ... 
The relative amount of brain to body in both idiots, 1 to 140 in the woman, instead 
of 1 to 33, as in the healthy female at the same age, and 1 to 67 in the boy, instead of 
1 to 14, is very small. Absolutely, as we have seen, the idiot boy had a brain smaller 
than the idiot woman’s, in the ratio of 8'5 to 10 ; but his brain was more than twice as 
large, in proportion to his body, as that of the idiot woman was to hers. It must be 
observed, however, as is well shown in the Table, that the ratio of brain to body is far 
greater in the growing individual than in the adult ; and, allowing for that, the pro- 
portion of brain to body in both idiots was somewhat less than one-fourth of what it 
would have been at corresponding ages in health. In neither case is the ratio between 
the idiotic and the healthy condition exactly as 1 to 4, being in the idiot woman 1 to 
4’24, and in the idiot boy 1 to 4 - 78; so that, thus tested, instead of the boy’s brain 
being twice as much developed as the woman’s, the woman’s was comparatively a little 
larger than the boy’s. 
Again, the idiot boy’s cerebrum, absolutely smaller than the woman’s in the ratio of 
5’85 to 7‘63, was, as compared with the idiot woman’s, about twice the proportionate 
weight in reference to the body, the one being equal to -^-th part by weight of the body, 
the other being only yyyth. But if the two idiots be compared with the healthy con- 
dition in persons of corresponding age, then they are nearly equal in this respect ; for, 
thus studied, the idiot woman’s cerebrum is about 1 to 5 as compared with the ordinary 
proportion to the body, and the idiot boy’s about 1 to 6, the actual ratios being, in the 
idiot woman’s case as 1 to 4*84, in the boy’s as 1 to 6T2. Hence a greater superiority 
is manifested, as regards the cerebrum, in the woman, than existed in reference to the 
entire encephalon. In her the cerebellum, as we shall next show, was below its due 
size. 
Thus, the idiot boy’s cerebellum, absolutely larger than the woman’s in the ratio of 
2‘25 to T95, is, in proportion to his body, three times as large as the idiot woman’s to 
her body — the boy’s being jxgth part of his body, and the woman’s only y^-nd part of 
hers; but, again allowing for the normal differences in the proportions between the 
cerebellum and the body at different ages and in the two sexes, this extreme inferiority 
of the idiot woman is somewhat, though not entirely redressed. For in the idiot woman 
the ratio of the cerebellum to the body, as compared with the healthy ratio, is nearly as 
1 to 2 (actually 1 to 2'35), whilst in the idiot boy it is rather less than 1 to 2 (actually 
1 to T8). In other words, the woman’s cerebellum reached yfrds of the natural 
standard, and the boy’s y-yths. Thus the idiot boy had not merely a cerebellum larger, 
