284 
ME. PRESTWICH ON THE GEOLOGY OP THE DEPOSITS 
Bedford, 
Great Northern 
Railway , or 
Summer-house Hill. 
Abbeville, 
Menchecourt. 
Amiens, 
St. Rock. 
Paris, 
Grenelle, Ivry , 
Clichy, or the 
RuedeReuilly. 
Elephas primigenius, Blum. . 
* 
* 
* 
* 
— — antiquus, Falc 
* * 
* 
=X= e 
Rhinoceros tichorhinus, Cm. 
*• r 
* 
— — megarhinus, Christol. 
* ' 
*?G 
Ursus spelseus, Blum 
* « 
* 
Hyaena spelsea, Gold 
* 
* ? g 
Pelis spelsea. Gold 
* 
* 
Bos primigenius, Boj 
* ? 
* 
* 
* 
Bison priscus, Boj 
* r 
* 
* c 
Equus (possibly two species) 
* 
■* 
* 
Cervus 2 euryceros, Aldr. . . 
— — elaphus, Linn. ...... 
* r 
* 
* 
tarandus, Linn 
Hippopotamus major, Nesti. 
* 
# <• 
* 
* 
Sus 
* V 
* 
1 This determination is by Dr. Falconer, but rests upon a single fragment of a tooth I found in the pit at 
the Eue de Eeuilly. I have a molar tooth of probably another species of Rhinoceros (R. hemitoechus, Pale.) 
from Bedford, but it is too low worn for a confident determination. 2 I omit the Cervus Somonensis, as 
Dr. Falconer and M. Lartet consider its specific distinctness very doubtful. The specimens from the railway 
cutting are in my collection ; those from Summerhouse Hill are in Mr. Wyatt’s. Where, in columns 1 and 4, 
the specimens are known to me only from one of the localities, that place is designated by its initial letter. 
There is no doubt that the Reindeer lived during the period of formation of the 
St. Acheul beds, although not found at that spot ; in the lower valley series it is a com- 
mon species. We know that this creature now ranges from the shores of the Arctic Sea 
to about 46° N. lat. in Asia, to 47° in America, and 60° in Europe *. This corresponds, 
in the first instance, with a winter temperature of about 19°; in the second with one of 
16°; and in the third with 23°Fahr. These parallels, however, give only the line of 
winter migration of the Reindeer. Their chief home is in the more arctic districts, of 
which these latitudes are merely the southern boundaries. The Aurochs is now 
restricted to a region of which the winter climate is 25°. 
The Musk Ox, which is found fossil in the low-level gravels of the valley of the Oisef 
(as well as in the Thames valley), is more essentially an animal of cold countries, 
ranging now only from the extreme polar regions to lat. 64° N. in arctic America. 
On the other hand, there are two animals which might be considered to militate against 
this northern tendency. The one is a large Felis. It is, however, well known that a 
species of Tiger is common on the Lower Amoor, where the river is frozen for five 
months in the year. A Tiger also lives constantly in the severe climate of the district 
around the sea of Aral, where the shore-waters and rivers freeze every winter. In his 
survey of that district, Commander Butakoff $ remarks that “ Tigers roam constantly in 
* Richardson, ‘ Fauna Boreali- Americana Desmarest, in D’Orbigny’s ‘ Dictionnaire d’Histoire Naturelle,’ 
art. “ Renne Logan, ‘ Geological Survey of Canada for 1857,’ Appendix, pp. 227, 244. 
f Plint implements have been found in these gravels. 
i Journal of the Geographical Society, vol. xxiii. p. 95 (1852). 
