PROFESSOR W. TURNER ON THE PLACENTATION OF THE APES. 
527 
passed downwards and forwards to the inguinal region. The Fallopian tube arose 
from the fundus in line with, hut 1^ inch above, the uterine attachment of the round 
ligament. The ovaries were attached by their ligaments to the fundus, posterior to 
the uterine ends of the Fallopian tubes. The right ovary was purplish coloured, and 
contained a corpus luteum ; the left ovary was cream coloured, and with numerous 
semi-transparent specks on its surface. No appearance of an organ of Bosenmuller 
was to he seen in either of the broad ligaments. The uterus diminished in size as it 
entered the pelvis and blended with the wall of the vagina. The body of the uterus 
was 5 inches long, the cervix uteri was f inch, and the vagina 2^ inches. 
As one of the objects I had in view in the investigation of the structure of the 
placenta was to determine the relations of the foetal and maternal vessels, I decided 
upon injecting both systems of vessels. With the object of doing this with as little 
disturbance of the parts as possible, without removing the uterus, I introduced a pipe 
into the abdominal aorta, and tied off the external iliac arteries so as to stop the flow 
of the injection into the lower limbs. I then made a mesial longitudinal incision 
through the anterior wall of the vagina, cervix uteri, and lower part of the body of 
the uterus. A colourless viscid mucous plug, which occupied the cervix, was removed, 
and the chorion opposite the os uteri internum was exposed. The depending part of 
the foetal membranes was then cut through, when a gush of liquor amnii took place 
and the hairy breach of the foetus was exposed. The finger being introduced into 
the uterine cavity, the umbilical cord was drawn down and injecting pipes introduced 
into the umbilical vein and one of the umbilical arteries. A simultaneous injection 
of the uterine and chorionic vessels was then made. My assistant, Mr. A. B. Stirling, 
gently passed a red transparent injection through the aorta into the uterine arteries, 
whilst I threw at the same time a blue transparent injection into the umbilical 
vessels. It was unnecessary to inject specially the uterine veins, as the large veins in 
the broad ligaments became filled from the injection which had passed along the 
uterine arteries. When the injection had become set the incision was prolonged 
through the uterine wall to the fundus, and the foetus was exposed. 
The foetus lay in the uterus with its breech in close relation to the os internum, 
and the head to the fundus ; the back was directed to the left side of the body of the 
uterus, and the belly to the right (fig. 1). The head was bent forward, the chin being 
in contact with the front of the chest, and the snout resting between the hands. The 
thighs were flexed on the belly, and the legs on the back of the thighs. The ankles 
were flexed on the front of the legs, and the toes on the soles of the feet. The upper 
arms were close to the sides of the chest, the fore-arms slightly bent on the upper 
arms, the hands in the position of palmar flexion, and the fingers bent on the palms. 
The tail was curved forwards on the right side of the foetus, so that its tip was in 
relation to the top of the head. The foetus, a male, was covered with hair, and the 
nails were well developed. The upper and lower eyelids were firmly united together. 
From the snout to the root of the tail was 8^ inches : the tail measured 7j ( - inches in 
3 Y 
MDCCCLXXVIII. 
