HERONS, STORKS, ETC. 
59 
This is the most beautiful of the American cormorants, and in summer 
at least the commonest one on our western coast. Unfortunately, few of 
the cormorants keep their plumage ornaments for any length of time and 
their greatest beauty is seldom seen. 
124. Red-faced Cormorant, le cormoran a face rouge. Phalacrocorax urile. 
L, about 33. A large, solidly black plumaged cormorant like the Double-crested, but when 
adult as highly iridescent as the Pelagic and with a heart-shaped gular pouch. The bare 
part of face from orange to red and extended across the forehead. The juvenile is brown 
like the other cormorants, but the forehead may not be bare in the earlier stages. 
Distinctions. A large cormorant -without whitish or light border to heart-shaped 
gular pouch. 
Distribution. The islands of Bering Sea and Kamchatka. One juvenile specimen 
from the inside coast of Vancouver Island has been referred to this species. 
SUBORDER— FREGATAE. MAN-O’-WAR-BIRDS 
FAMILY FREG ATIDA E . MAN-0 ’ - WAR-BIRDS 
We have a single well-characterized species. 
128. Man-O’-War-Bird. frigate-bird, la 
frigate marine. Fregata magnificens. L, 40. 
Large, black birds with bill hooked like that of a 
cormorant and long, deeply forked tail. 
Distinctions. With general blackness and long, 
hooked bill likely to be compared only with the 
cormorant, but note long, narrow gular sac, tip 
of lower mandible at hook distinctly turned down, 
and deeply forked tail. 
Distribution. Tropical and subtropical shores 
of both hemispheres. Of casual occurrence only 
on our east coast. 
Order— Ciconiiformes. 
Deep-water Waders. Herons, Storks, 
and Ibises 
General Description. Usually large birds with long legs, neck, and bill, fitted for wad- 
ing and obtaining food below the surface in rather deeper water than do the majority 
of Waders. Bills may be either straight 
and sharp (Figure 20, page 27), or gently 
curved and blunt as in the ibises (Figures 
108 and 109, page 67). Legs are bare 
for a considerable distance above the 
heel joint and all four toes are perfect, 
well shaped, and adapted for perching 
as well as walking on soft ground, and 
with only small, rudimentary webs or 
none (Figure 99). 
Distinctions. Birds of this order may 
be mistaken for either the cranes or the 
curlews. From the cranes they may be 
distinguished by their feathered fore- 
heads, hind toe not elevated above the 
others, and the septum between the 
nostrils being solid and unperforated; from the curlews by the bare space in front ~of 
the eyes. 
Two suborders are recognized in Canada: Ardeae, the Herons and 
bitterns; and Ciconinae, including the storks and ibises. 
Figure 99 
Leg of Herod ione: 
a, Leg of Great Blue Heron, scale, L 
b. Pectinate middle claw. 
