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so important a part in the preparation for the market. First of all 
the choice of a really efficient pulper is very essential, although, 
at first it is not advisable to put down an expensive plant. The 
capacity of a single cylinder “ Lidgerwood ” pulper is sufficient 
to deal with crops from 100 acres, or more, and space should be 
left in the factory for extension, when supplementary machines 
can be manipulated by the same driving power. Selection of an 
economical running engine capable of working pulper, huller, and 
w r ater pump is a matter of no little importance. 
The situation of washing and fermenting tanks also is a 
question requiring careful deliberation. The practice of bringing 
unripe cherry into the store must be condemned at the outset 
because a crop in this form cannot be dealt with by any pulper 
and the result is a dead loss. The pulped beans are run into a 
fermenting tank, scuddled into a heap, covered with wet gunnies, 
and kept there for about 60 hours. This is the system mostly 
employed in Java at the present time. 
If pulping takes place say -at 5 p.m., the heap, to prevent 
over fermentation should be turned over the following day about 
noon and again covered ; if this be repeated the following morning, 
the coffee can be thrown into the washing tank the same evening 
and remain soaking until the commencement of the washing process 
on the morning after. When a very thorough washing has been 
effected the coffee becomes what is known as “wet parchment,” and 
is removed in bags or baskets to an open barbecue (or if artificial 
heat is used, to the drying house), where it is kept constantly 
turned over until the drying process is complete. The “dry 
parchment” is then dealt with by a huller which turns out the 
finished article, the only process remaining being the grading and 
sizing of the beans according to market requirements. 
Pests and Diseases. 
The cultivation of the product under discussion having as is 
well known, and as we have just remarked, gone almost entirely out 
of favour for so long a period, it is not possible even to conjecture what 
enemies are awaiting us should we once more decide to exploit it. 
I think that we should at the outset assume the fact that while 
having the opportunity of gathering an amount of useful informa- 
tion regarding the industry in general from planters in Java who 
know that we should not enter the field as serious competitors, soil 
conditions preclude the possibility of its being carried on under 
exactly similar conditions as those obtaining in that country. 
We possess none of that volcanic soil on this side, and the 
possibility presents itself that we might on this account be less 
immune from diseases ; this is a question, however, for the scientist, 
rather than the planter, but requires all the same, a reasonable 
amount of deliberation. 
