Feb. 13 , 1858 .] 
LIVINGSTONE FESTIVAL. 
141 
sent by the Pasha of Egypt to discover the sources of the Nile. 
Its history had been related by a Frenchman (M. Thibaut), who 
accompanied it. It consisted of several barks with troops on board, 
and was amply supplied with all the resources which the power of 
the Pasha could furnish. It first passed through the territories of a 
warlike race, which was treated with prudent respect. Afterwards 
it came to those of a tribe which had not been reached by any 
previous voyage of discovery. The natives crowded the banks to 
gaze on objects which they had never beheld before ; the spectacle 
impressed them not merely with wonder, but with awe; they 
regarded the strangers as beings of a superior nature ; yet the 
brutal soldiers of the Sudan were permitted, and even instigated, 
to fire upon these unoffending, almost worshipping, creatures, plun- 
dered and burnt their habitations, and carried away their women 
and children, to be sold as slaves in the market-place of Khartum, 
the point from which the expedition started. Could any discovery 
compensate for the evil which must be caused by such a mode of 
exploration as this ? Must not the people who had been so treated 
ever after associate the idea of superior civilization with injustice 
and oppression, robbery and wrong ? And must not this contrast 
heighten their admiration for the traveller who had pursued so 
directly opposite a course, in which those who came after him could 
have no higher aim than to tread in his steps, and to approach, at a 
respectful distance, his illustrious example ? ( Cheers .) 
The Duke of Wellington proposed the health of the Ladies, and 
especially of Mrs. Livingstone, in a few words complimentary to 
that lady. ( Drank with warm cheers.') 
Sir Roderick Murchison. — I now give you the last toast of the 
evening, and beg you to drink to the good health of the “ Proposers 
of this Festival.” 
The zealous geographers who sit at the ends of the seven cross 
tables are the gentlemen who have mainly contributed to make this 
meeting as harmonious, gratifying, and successful as it has been. 
( Cheers.) 
To those good men let us return our sincere acknowledgments, 
and above all to Dr. Norton Shaw and Mr. Arrowsmith, for the 
heartiness with which they have gone to work to bring about this 
farewell festival to Livingstone. 
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