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SIR RODERICK I. MURCHISON’S ADDRESS. 
[May 24, 1858. 
scale of three inches to a mile ; with these charts, and guided by 
the lights, buoys, and beacons recently placed in these islands by 
the Commissioners of Northern Lights, the mariner may boldly run 
in case of need for the many sheltered anchorages which this group 
affords. 
Ireland . — On the east coast of Ireland Messrs. Hoskyn, Aird, and 
Yule have completed the survey of Lough Carlingford, the coast 
adjacent, and the river up to the town of Newry, sounding over an 
area of 62 miles. In the course of this work a new deep-water 
channel, having 18 feet at low water, was discovered leading into 
the lough, which may materially aid in the execution of a plan 
which, it is understood, is shortly to be carried out, of rendering 
Carlingford Bay a harbour of refuge for the Irish Sea — an object 
greatly to be desired, and which might be effected at a trifling 
cost. 
In Donegal, on the north coast, Captain Bedford, with Lieuts. 
Sidney and Horner, have mapped 50 miles of the shore line be- 
tween Loughs Swilly and Foyle, including the remarkable promon- 
tory of Malin Head, and the Garvan and Innishtrahull group of 
isles, in the progress of which work 220 square miles have been 
sounded over, extending to 10 miles off shore. At the risk of being 
tedious, I must again be permitted to call attention to the statistics 
of this survey, during which more than 23,000 casts of the lead 
were taken, or on an average 35 casts to the square mile in deep 
water, and 625 casts to the square mile when within a depth of 
10 fathoms. These are facts apparently trivial, but which all 
physical geographers, who care to have a bond fide representation of 
the submarine hills and valleys of our planet, will know how to 
appreciate. By permission of the Admiralty, the charts resulting 
from these surveys have been exhibited at our evening meetings, 
and have deservedly elicited your applause. 
Those who are curious in such matters may like to know that the 
whole cost of such a survey to the country, including the soundings, 
when conducted in the most economical manner, is about 30 1. per 
mile of coast line. 
In Kerry, on the south-west coast, Commander Edye, with 
Messrs. Macdougall and W. B. Calver, have examined 26 miles of 
the exposed coast of that long, projecting peninsula which separates 
Tralee and Dingle bays, its extremity forming the westernmost 
point of the mainland of the British Isles. They have also mapped 
Smerwick Harbour. On this coast the chart of Kenmare river, the 
