364 ADDITIONAL NOTICES. [June 14, 1858. 
Boca do Rio is dry when the Zambesi is low, hut there is always plenty of 
water in passing Mazaro to the sea by way of Luavo. 
Above Boca do Rio, on the left hand ascending the river, immediately 
opposite Mazaro, is Chupanga, where the Zambesi is, both during the wet 
and also the dry season, at least 2 miles wide. 
On the right hand going np (the left bank of the river) from Boca do Rio to 
the Rio Chire, the land is called Magangha. The Rio Chire in the rainy 
season has as large a volume of water as the Zambesi ; and at the Boca do 
Chire the Zambesi rises very high in the rainy season, and this causes the 
water at Mazaro to flow down to Quillimane. Even in the dry season the 
Rio Chire is navigable, but the stream is not so rapid as in the Zambesi. The 
natives ascend it in large canoes, making voyages of from twelve to twenty 
days to trade with a people called Magangheros. This river flows past the 
western flank of the Maromballa mountains (that is to say, these mountains 
are to the east of it), which are very high. In ascending the Zambesi, this ridge 
is seen first from Mangara, and it is in sight until after passing Senna. 
The land on the left hand, opposite Magangha, is called Bororo : it is 
mountainous. 
Before coming to Boca do Chire one meets with many small islands which 
have no names, and some of which disappear during a very wet season ; but 
close to the Boca do Chire, and just below it, are two considerable islands, the 
first of which is called Ilha Muinha ; the second, which is larger, is called Ilha 
Mozambique, and has about 300 natives living on it. Ilha Muinha (in Kaffir) 
means “ Salt Island and on this island, at Caia and at Sone (close to Senna), 
the salt used in the river is made. Along both banks of the Zambesi the salt 
is made thus : — A portion of earth (taken up anywhere) is placed in an earthen 
vessel with a crack in the bottom of it ; this is placed over another vessel, 
water is poured into the upper vessel, and the earth is moved about ; the 
water that comes through the upper into the lower one is boiled or allowed to 
evaporate in the sun ; the residuum is very fine salt, proving that the valley 
of the Zambesi was formerly the bed of the ocean. 
The country in the interior opposite the mouth of the Rio Chire is called 
Chiringoma, from which to Sofalla is eight days’ journey, and by land to 
Senna twelve days’ journey. 
After passing the Boca do Chire, and on the opposite side of the Zambesi, is 
Caia, where the best fish in the river abound : the fish are salted and dried in 
the sun ; some quantity are also smoked, but the former are preferred in the 
native markets. From Caia to Senna is two days’ walking (about 10 leagues), 
by water about days (16 leagues). 
After passing Caia you immediately come to Inhamudendundo, meaning, 
in the Maravi language, “ large country.” It runs along the river about 5 
leagues, when one arrives at Inhamatuze, which, in the Senna language, 
means “ dirty island,” as in the rainy season it is entirely surrounded by 
water, and before it was brought under cultivation it was the resort of 
numerous animals who made their lairs there : it is one league from Senna. 
Above the Boca do Chire, on the same side of the river, and nearly opposite 
to Inhamudendundo, is Santa Beze, in the rear of which, and all the way from 
the Boca do Chire, is a range of low, rocky mountains, dividing the streams 
of the Zambesi and Chire, the latter river running between this range and the 
Maromballa Mountains. 
Between Senna and Tete there are numerous islands and banks, and even 
some rocks, and a few eddies ; but when the river is in flood there is no diffi- 
culty in the way of steam navigation. In the dry season the navigation for a 
steamer would be doubtful. The banks of the river are well wooded with 
large timber. Fuel is easily procurable in great quantities. 
The Zambesi, even in the dry season, is navigable from the Luavo mouth 
