39 
S. athabascensis 
Myrica Gale 
Relula pumila 
Rumex occidentalis 
Stellaria longifolia 
Chrysosplenimn tetrandrum 
Potenlilla Jruticosa 
Rubus acaulis 
R. Chamaemorus 
Ledum groenlandicum 
L. palustre var. decumbens 
Lomatogonium roiatum 
Valeriana sylvatica 
Achillea Millefolium 
Aster junceus 
Erigeron acris var. arcuans 
Petasites vitifolius 
Senecio pauper cuius 
On Caribou mountains the birch association does not appear to be accentu- 
ated, Ledum and Chamaedaphne being the pioneer bog shrubs. 
TREE ASSOCIATIONS 
The first bog forest to invade the wet muskegs is made up chiefly of 
black spruce Picea mariana , and Labrador tea Ledum groenlandicum. 
Tamarack Larix laricina , although quite common, does not take a primary 
position. The Sphagnum is gradually replaced by woodland mosses such 
as Hypnum Crista-castrensis and H. Schreberi with an association of typical 
herbs and shrubs. 
Primary spp.: Picea mariana 
Ledum groenlandicum 
Secondary spp.: Equisetum scirpoides 
E . variegatum 
E, sylvaticum var. pauciramosum 
Carex gynocrates 
C. vaginata 
C. capillaris 
C. disperma 
C . diandra 
Enophorum opacum 
Maianthemum canadense 
Orchis rotundifolia 
Habenaria obiusata 
H. hyperborea 
Calypso borealis 
Listera borealis 
C orallorrhiza trifida 
Spiranthes Romanzofjiana 
Salix glauca 
S. Bebbiana 
S. myrtillifolia 
S. arbusculoides 
