87 
but the writer has no data as to the length of time required for the original 
condition to return. A study of the extensive haying areas along the Quatre 
Fourches would afford the information, since they have been used for many 
years by the people of Chipewyan. The following species grow in more 
or less profusion in the Hay Camp meadow along with the tickle-grass. 
Poa pratensis 
Beckmannia Syzigachne 
Fluminia festucacea 
Calamagrostis canadensis 
Polygonum aviculare 
Rumex occidentalis 
Chenopodium album 
Stellaria longifolia 
Ranunculus Macounii 
Neslia paniculate, 
Brassica arvensis 
Potentilla norvegica var. hirsute 
Geum macrophyllum var. perincisum 
Galium trifidum 
Achillea Millefolium 
A. sibirica 
Aster hindleyanus 
Erigeron acris var. asteroides 
E philadelphicus 
Senecio vulgaris 
S. eremophilus 
S. indecorus 
S. pauperculus 
Cirsium Drummondii 
It will be readily noted that the cutting here has had much the same 
effect as that at the Dog Camp, that is, the spread of “ weedy ” species from 
slough margins. With these are mixed, in all sorts of combinations, the 
normal vegetation of the sloughs. A few, such as the mustards, are obvi- 
ously foreign introductions to the region. 
In the Hay Camp clearing the smart-weeds Polygonum aviculare , 
lamb’s quarters Chenopodium album , and more introduced mustards 
Thlaspi arvense, Capsella Bursa-pastoris, and Camelina sativa, have become 
common weeds. A small patch of alsike clover Trifolium hybridum has 
been planted and appears to be doing well. One of the most abundant 
weeds at the camp is a common species of open woods and prairies through- 
out the region, Mertensia paniculata. 
Summary 
The appended diagram, Figure 15, summarizes the foregoing treatment 
of the types of vegetation in the lowland areas of the Athabaska-Peace 
Delta region. It indicates the general trend in the development of meso- 
phytie forests upon the various types of open ground being produced here 
by the ordinary physiographic processes. 
