153 
Sinm suave Walt. S. cicutaejolium Gmel, of auth. See Rhod. xvii, 131 (1915). Water 
Parsnip. 
Common in wet meadows and marshy slough margins throughout the 
region. New rosettes were collected June 12 and 20. Flowers appear in the 
early part of July, and fruit in the latter part of August. Reported poison- 
ous in some regions. 
East shore of lake Mamawi, No. 2898; lower delta of Athabaska river, 
No. 1090; 30th base line district, Slave river, No. 1092; Murdock Creek 
district, No. 2902; near Heart (Raup) lake, No. 2903; Pine Lake district, 
No. 2901; sink-hole 16 miles east of Moose lake, No. 2905; Moose (Eight) 
Lake district, No. 2904; Indian graveyard, Peace river, No. 2899; base of 
eastern slope of Caribou mountains, No. 2900. 
Heracleum lanatum Michx. Cow Parsnip. 
Apparently only occasional in the park area, although it is common 
in parts of the prairies at the base of Caribou mountains. Collected with 
flowers and immature fruits during the middle part of July. 
Base of eastern slope of Caribou mountains, Nos. 2895, 2896, 2897. 
CORNACEAE 
Cornus canadensis L. Chamaevericlimenum canadense (L.) Aschers. and Graebn. 
Dwarf Dogwood, Bunch-berry. 
Abundant in open woods and common in the richer woods. It may 
be found flowering during most of June and July, but reaches its height 
about the first two weeks of July. The berries ripen and turn red about 
mid-August. The ripe berries are edible. 
Along Quatre Fourches river, No. 1097; Government Hay Camp 
district, Slave river, No. 2916; Fort Smith, No. 1096; Pine Lake district, 
No. 2917; Moose (Eight) Lake district, Nos. 2918, 2919, 2920; base of 
eastern slope of Caribou mountains, No. 2914; eastern edge of Caribou 
Mountain plateau, No. 2915; Little Buffalo river, Russell, No. 70. 
C. stolonifera Michx. Svida Opiz. Red “ Willow," Kinnikinnik. 
Part of the material cited below, Nos. 2907 and 2908, may be referable 
to var. Baileyi (Coult. and Evans) Drescher. 
Common on the high banks of streams and lakes throughout the 
area, and occasionally found at prairie margins. It reaches its greatest 
abundance in newly developed flood-plain timber. Young leaves and flower 
buds collected in early and middle June, the height of t'he flowering season 
being in late June and early July. Late flowers are often found in August.. 
Fruits begin to mature in the latter part of July, and turn white about 
mid-August. Bears are very fond of the ripe berries. The bark, when 
peeled off, dried, and ground up, is a popular substitute for tobacco. Many 
users prefer a mixture with this “ kinnikinnik ” to straight tobacco. 
East shore of lake Mamawi, No. 2910; along Quatre Fourches river, 
No. 1099; 30th base line district, Slave river. Nos. 1103, 1104; Government 
Hay Camp district, Slave river, No. 2909; near upper Smith rapids, No. 
1101; Pine Lake district, No. 2906; Peace point, No. 2907; Moose (Eight) 
Lake district, No. 2908; Indian graveyard, Peace river, No. 2913; base 
of eastern slope of Caribou mountains, Nos. 2911, 2912. 
