DR. ANDREWS ON THE GASEOUS STATE OF MATTER. 
44: 
These results, calculated from experiments published seven years ago, are in complete 
accordance with the conclusions I have deduced from the present investigation. On 
comparing the pressures with the graphic representation given in the paper referred to, 
it will be seen that, so long as the values of \jj are equal, the carbonic acid is in the 
gaseous state proper at the lower as well as at the higher temperature ; but when they 
undergo a marked diminution, the carbonic acid has entered into the intermediate con- 
ditions corresponding at lower temperatures to the fall to the liquid state. Finally, when 
the liquid volume has been attained, the value of p itself changes its direction, as may 
be seen in the results of the final experiments at 64°, 31°T, and 35 0, 5 (Tables XV. and 
XIX.). In the annexed sketch the portions of the curves above a, a!, a" are in the 
gaseous state ; from a to b we have in the curve for 21 0- 5 the fall from the gaseous to 
the liquid state; and from a! to V and a" to b”, in the curves for 31°T and 35 0, 5, the 
"So i e]o ' [" ~Jio | ilo I iio 1 ioo j Aim. 
intermediate conditions between the gaseous state and liquid volume corresponding to 
the fall to the liquid state at lower temperatures. As in a gas below the critical tem- 
perature we have, (1) the gaseous state, (2) the fall to the liquid, and (3) the liquid state, 
so in a gas above the critical temperature we have, (1) the gaseous state, (2) the inter- 
mediate conditions corresponding to the fall, and (3) the conditions corresponding to 
the liquid volume. The first or gaseous state is characterized by the external pressures 
for homologous points at any two given temperatures being always in the same ratio to 
