266 
DE. A. QUA THEE ON GIGANTIC LAND-TOETOISES. 
millims. 
Length of scapula (measured from the suture with the coracoid) . 200 
Circumference in its middle 75 
Longitudinal diameter of glenoid cavity 50 
Length of coracoid 86 
Greatest width of coracoid 70 
Length of acromium 84 
The shaft of the humerus (Plate 42. figs. A, A') is moderately slender, subtrihedral, 
with the edges well rounded off. There exists a deep impression on the outer side of 
the bone, immediately below the head and ulnar tuberosity (a), and another transverse 
impression on the hinder side above the trochlea. The ulnar tuberosity projects high 
above the head, which is nearly entirely raised above the level of the summit of the 
radial tuberosity. The canal (5) for the blood-vessels on the radial edge of the bone, 
close; to the elbow-joint, is perfectly closed, perforating the substance of the bone from 
the front to the hinder side. 
millims. 
Length of the humerus, measured in a straight line from the summit 
of the head to the middle of trochlea 216 
Circumference of the narrowest part of the shaft 89 
Longest diameter of the head 40 
Shortest diameter of the head 37 
Extreme breadth between the condyles 82 
The bones of the forearm do not show any noteworthy peculiarity; but, for the sake 
of comparison with some of the following species, I give the measurements : — The ulna 
has a length- of 137 millims., and a width of 28 millims. in its narrowest part; the 
radius a length of 121 millims., and a circumference of 50 millims., also measured in 
its narrowest part. 
As in Testudo generally, so here the carpal bones (Plate 44. fig. D) are arranged in 
three series, of which the proximal consists of two bones, lunare and cuneiforme, both 
articulating with the end of the ulna ( u ) ; the middle of the transversely elongate 
scaphoid and “ intermedium ; ” and the distal of five small rounded bones corresponding 
to, and articulating with, the five metacarpals. The scaphoid articulates with the end of 
the radius (r), the “intermedium” being intercalated between the lunare and third 
digit. However, in our old specimen of this species there exists the peculiarity that the 
scaphoid and intermedium are coalesced into a single very long bone (a), and that the 
two radial ossicles of the distal series are similarly united (b). 
Pelvis (Plate 43). — In the first place must be noticed the considerable horizontal 
width of the symphyseal bridge ( a ) between the obturator foramina, by which the flat- 
headed Tortoises are so signally distinguished from the round-headed ones. But quite 
peculiar to this species is, first, that also the vertical diameter of this bridge is consi- 
