274 
DR. A. GUNTHER ON GIGANTIC LAND-TORTOISES. 
axis, so that the transverse diameters of its proximal and distal dilatations would inter- 
sect each other at an angle of about 50°. The olecranon is not much developed. The 
articulary facet of the radius for the articulation with the humerus is a rectangular 
triangle, with the point directed backwards, and the shortest side in front. 
Length of ulna . 
Least width of ulna 
T. elephantopus , 
790 millims. long. 
•mill ima. 
. 137 
28 
T. ephippium, 
840 millims. long, 
millims. 
155 
26 
Length of radius 121 149 
Least circumference of radius 50 51 
Only a few of the carpal bones have been extracted from the specimen, among them 
the scaphoid and “ intermedium,” which have remained perfectly separate. 
In the pelvis (Plate 45. fig. A) we notice, in the first place, that all the sutures are 
present, and that growth was still proceeding in their vicinity. However, on the whole, 
the pelvis does not differ in a marked manner from that of T. elephantopus , except that 
the symphyseal bridge is broader (the obturator foramina, consequently, narrower) and 
not so deep. The posterior part of the ossa ilii also is broader than in the other species. 
Other slight differences of form may be seen from the accompanying comparative mea- 
surements : — 
T. elephantopus, T. ephippium, 
790 millims. long. 840 millims. long, 
millims. millims. 
Longest inner vertical diameter of pelvis (from) 
summit of ilium to symphysis) j 
Longest inner horizontal diameter of pelvis . . 132 118 
Shortest inner horizontal diameter of pelvis) ^ 
(between ilio-pubic prominences) . . . ./ 
Longest diameter of foramen obturatorium . . 42 42 
Width of symphyseal bridge 26 35 
Depth of symphyseal bridge 26 23 
Least breadth of posterior portion of- ossa ischii 61 80 
Length of os ilii 140 130 
Least breadth of os ilii ........ 30 27 
The femur is very similar to that of T. elephantopus (p. 267), with the exception of its 
proximal portion (Plate 44. fig. B) : the head has an elliptical form, and does not rise 
above the level of the summit of the larger trochanter, as in T. elephantopus, but is con- 
siderably smaller ; on the other hand, the cavity separating the head from the trochanters 
is much larger, as broad as long, and the two trochanters ( a and b) are widely separated 
from each other by a smooth groove. 
The bones of the lower leg and carpus do not show any noteworthy peculiarity : as in 
