ME. J. PEESTWICH ON SUBMAEINE TEMPEEATUEES. 
619 
for reasons before given, be accepted without reserve. Still they are available after 
correction for pressure ; and the readings then indicate thermal conditions very similar 
to those which obtain in Arctic seas. To take one of the most southern series of 
observations, at a spot in the Antarctic Ocean where no soundings were obtained, at a 
reputed depth of 24,000 feet : — 
Temperature. 
Lat. Long. 
Depth. 
Uncorrected. Corrected for pressure. 
68 32 S. 12 49 W. 
Surface (March) 
30-8 Fahr. 
30-8 Fahr. 
900 feet. 
33 
32-4 
1800 „ 
35-5 
34-4 
3600 „ 
38'7 
36*5 
4500 „ 
39-4 
36*6 
5400 „ 
39 
35-8 
6300 „ 
39-5 
35*8 
Again, another nearer the South Polar land, and 
in soundings : — 
63 49 S. 51 7 W 
Surface (Feb.). 
32 F. 
32 F. 
600 feet. 
32-2 
32 
900 „ 
33-2 
32-6 
1800 „ 
35*5 
35-6 
2700 „ 
36-4 
35 
3600 „ 
37-3 
35-2 
7200 „ 
39-5 
35-2 
Still further and closer to another part of the Antarctic continent we have : — 
77 49 S. 162 36 W. Surface (Feb.). 28-5 F. 28-5 F. 
1740 feet. 30-8 29-8 
There is only one observation of Du Petit-Thouars in the Southern Ocean for 
comparison with those of Boss. As the cylinder came up full, I give the reading with 
the correction : — 
59 48 S. 79 56 W. Surface (March). 42-9 F. 42-9 F. 
2657 feet. 39 37-5 
The conditions, therefore, prevailing in the open Arctic and Antarctic seas are appa- 
rently closely analogous, — the temperature at a distance from land increasing with the 
depth until it rises to 35° to 36° F. at 2000 to 3000 feet, below which it seems to remain 
nearly stationary at about the same temperature ; while closer to the land and at less 
depths it falls nearer to the freezing-point of sea-water (see note, posted, p. 635). 
The temperatures at depths in inland seas were found at an early period to be very 
different to those of open seas ; and it is singular that the very first observations made 
mdccclxxv. 4 o 
