622 
MR. J. PRESTWICH ON SUBMARINE TEMPERATURES. 
there are, however, indications of a higher temperature, as the following observations, 
taken, the first three in November, and the last in April 1861, show : — 
Deep-sea Temperatures off the Coast of Egypt , west of Alexandria. 
Uncorrected. Corrected. 
At a depth of 180 feet 71 Fahr. 70‘9 Fahr. 
„ 300 „ 68 67*8 
„ 600 „ 62| 62-1 
„ 1620 „ 59§ 58-5 
Admiral Spratt concluded that “ the minimum temperature of their (Eastern Medi- 
terranean, Grecian archipelago, Sea of Marmora, and Black Sea) deeper parts correspond 
nearly with the mean annual temperature above them.” This apparent discrepancy 
between Amfi and Admiral Spratt evidently arises from the circumstance that the one 
bases his conclusion on observations made with protected and the other with unpro- 
tected thermometers, which gave too high a reading. Subject to correction the results 
are closely concordant, and both give approximately the mean sub-winter temperature. 
The observations of Aime and others thus proved that in this great inland sea the 
influence of the variations of temperature at the surface ceases at a depth of from 
1000 to 1200 feet, and that below that line a uniform temperature of from 54° to 55°*5 
prevails in the western basin, and one possibly 0 O- 5 to 1° higher in the eastern basin of 
the Mediterranean. 
Some deep temperature-observations have also been made in two other nearly closed 
seas — the Red Sea and the Sea of Okhotsk, — the latter by Dr. Horner in 1803, and 
the former by Captain Pullen, with his protected thermometers, in 1858. 
The mean winter temperature of the air in the Red Sea may be a little under 
70° Fahr. The following observations are not serial, but were taken at intervals in 
various parts of that sea (see Table III. p. 667). 
Temperatures at depths in the Bed Sea. 
Surface in the months of March and April . . . 78° to 86° Fahr. 
At 300 feet 77 
„ 2552 „ 71 
„ 4068 „ 70-5 
In the Sea of Okhotsk, where the mean winter temperature is doubtlessly under 20° F., 
the observations were only carried to a depth of 690 feet, with the following results : — 
Temperature at depths in the Sea of Okhotsk. 
Uncorrected. 
Corrected. 
Surface in the month of August 
. . . 46-4 
46-4 
At 108 feet 
. . . 31-6 
31-6 
„ 360 
28-8 
„ 690 „ 
28-6 
Parry’s observations in Lyon’s Inlet are excluded, for the reasons before given (p. 597). 
