XII 
PREFACE. 
2. The person appointed shall examine and survey each and every 
county of the State, and ascertain the different geological formation of 
each county and section of the state ; the nature and character of its 
soils, and the best mode of improving the same ; the nature and kind of 
its productions and their relative position and values; its facilities for 
manufactories; the extent and value of its waterpower; the character 
and value ot its timber, and all other facts connected with its Geology, 
Mineralogy, Botany and Agriculture, which may tend to a full develop- 
ment of the resources of the state; and such person is auth >rized to em- 
ploy as many proper agents and assistants, to be approved by the Gov- 
ernor, as may be necessary to enable him speedily and successively to ac- 
complish the objects committed to his charge ; and lie shall from time to 
time communicate to the Governor, to be by him communicated to the 
Legislature, a report or reports in writing, setting forth fully the results 
of his Survey ; which reports shall be published under the supervision 
of the Governor and Board of Literature. 
3. The expenditures incurred by said Survey shall not exceed five 
thousand dollars per annum, to be paid by the Public Treasurer, upon the 
warrant of the Governor, out of any moneys in the Treasury not other- 
wise appropriated. 
4. The person making such survey shall deliver lectures upon the sub- 
jects committed to his charge, in the villages through which he may 
pass: Provided, that he shall not thereby delay his other duties. 
The scope of the Survey, it is obvious from the law, is very wide; it 
plainly includes in its purview whatever relates to the material develop- 
ment and progress of the state. 
PROGRESS AND CONDITION OF THE WORK. 
As will be seen from the report, much attention has been given to Ag- 
riculture. A laboratory was opened and furnished several years ago, and 
several chemists have been at work, one at least, for a considerable part 
of the time, and a large number of minerals, marls, soils &c. analyzed. 
And under an act of Assembly passed two years since, the inspection and 
analyses of commercial fertilizers was added to the labors of the office; 
but this work makes no show’ in the report. As a knowledge of the lead- 
ing features of climate is essential to intelligent agriculture, and is re- 
quired by the intelligent immigrant, observatories have been established 
and furnished, and observations procured at more than tw r o dozen sta- 
tions, distributed over the entire territory of the state, with a view to the 
discovery of the controlling elements of the regional and local climates, 
