74 
GEOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 
mate, as the vanilla, the cocoa, banana, and cocoa-nut, and proceed to pine 
apples, the sugar cane, coffee, fruit-bearing date-trees, the cotton-tree, 
citron, olives, edible chestnuts, and vines producing potable wine, an ex- 
act geographical consideration of the limits of cultivation will teach ns 
that other climatic relations besides those of mean annual temperature are 
involved in these phenomena. Taking an example, for instance, from 
the cultivation of the vine, we find that in order to procure potable wine, 
itis requisite that the mean annual heat should exceed 49°, that the win- 
ter temperature should be upward of 33°, and the mean summer tem- 
perature upward of 64°. At Bordeaux, the mean annual, winter, sum- 
mer, and autumn temperature are respectively 57°, 43°, 71°, and 58°. 
In the plains near the Baltic, where a wine is produced that can scarcely 
be considered potable, these numbers are as follows : 47°. 5, 31°, 63°.7, 
and 47°. 5.” It will be observed that the corresponding numbers for the 
coldest station in North Carolina are all in excess of these last, viz : 48°. 7, 
32°, 08° and 48° ; and also that those for the middle division of the State, 
(and the averages for the whole), differ but littlefrom the typical series of 
Bordeaux, viz : 58°. 2, 40°, 77°, 59°. And when it is further considered that 
the same determinant series, for the western section of the State, lies 
about midway between those of Bordeaux and the Baltic, viz : 53°, 37°, 
70° and 52° ; and that those for the eastern division exceed the Bordeaux 
series but little, being respectively 60°, 44°, 79°, 61° ; it is apparent that, 
so far as the cultivation of the vine is concerned, the whole State lies 
within the favored tract. Middle and eastern North Carolina correspond 
to middle and southern France, and western North Carolina to northern 
France and Belgium. And all the climates of Italy, from Palermo to 
Milan and Venice, are represented. These points will be best under- 
stood, in the absence of illustrative charts, by a few comparative columns 
of figures, for a few representative localities, as follows : 
