150 
GEOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 
carbonate of lime lias been dissolved, constituting a true buhrstone ; or 
of a white calcareous sandstone, more or less compacted, as on the Neuse 
near Goldsboro, and near the railroad through Duplin and Sampson 
counties, and in Onslow and in Jones on the Trent, and along the North 
East River for the most part of its course to within a mile of Wilming- 
ton ; or of a gray and hard limestone, as about Ricldands, in Onslow, at 
Rocky Point. 20 miles north of Wilmington, and 7 miles north on the 
North East River ; or of a coarse conglomerate of worn shells, sharks’ 
teeth and fragments of bones and stony pebbles, as in the upper part of 
Wilmington and at Rocky Point ; or of a fine shaly infusorial clay, light 
gray to ash colored, as in Sampson county near Faison’s depot. Outside 
of this region, there are two or three small patches of Eocene ; one cap- 
ping a hill 350 feet above the sea, on the railroad 7 miles east of Raleigh, 
a silieious shell conglomerate of 2 or 3 acres in extent and 6 to 10 inches 
thick ; the second a ferruginous, and calcareous sandstone of 4 or 5 feet 
thickness, on the top of a hill in the southeastern corner of Moore ; this 
last containing some shells and many echinoderms. These fragments, or 
outliers show that this formation, limited as it was in thickness, had a 
vastly greater horizontal extent than would have been suspected, and 
they carry the shores of the Eocene seas quite into the hill country of the 
State and nearly 150 miles from the present coast line, and to an eleva- 
tion of nearly 400 feet. 
Some of the clay and sand beds on the upper Cape Fear may belong 
to the Eocene as Dr. Emmons conjectured ; but as they do not contain 
fossils, only a minute study of the stratigraphy can decide. 
Fossils — In addition to the organic remains described in the papers of 
Cope and Conrad in the Appendix, the following are given by Dr. 
Emmons. 
Cidaris Mitchellii, 
Cidaria Carolinensis, 
Peeten membranaeea. 
Scutella , 
Microcrinus conoides, 
Echinocyamus parvus. 
Scutella Lyellii. 
Gonioelypeus subangulatus. 
Lunulites contigua. 
There is a small collection of Eocene fossils in the Museum, which have 
not yet been studied, that will doubtless add something to the list of 
species already recorded. 
Miocene . — This sub-division of the Tertiary extends over nearly the 
whole seaboard region, from the sea shore and the western margins of the 
Sounds, 50 to 75 miles inland. It has a much greater horizontal extent 
than the preceding, and a greater thickness, but is less continuous, being 
