226 
GEOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 
close the coal, or in ter stratified with the coal itself. These ores seem to 
be co-extensive with the coal on Deep River, outcropping everywhere 
with it, aud at several places outside of its limits. Two seams are shown 
in the sections (pp. 143 and 144), and there is a third in the bottom shales, 
not penetrated at the Gulf, but shown in the Egypt section (p. 142), as 
accompanying the lower coal, 30 feet below the main seam. 
Emmons also speaks of another seam of argillaceous carbonate as occur- 
ring at the depth of 230 feet in the shaft at Egypt, and four occurrences 
of it are indicated as ball ore in the Egypt section. Emmons says of this 
argillaceous carbonate, “It contains 33 per cent, of metallic iron; the 
surface ores being altered contain 50 per cent.,” and he describes it as oc- 
curring “in balls, or in continuous beds.” About the Gulf it occurs in 
rounded flattish masses, 5 or 6 to 8 or 10 inches in diameter. They are 
dense, uncrystalline and heavy, of a light gray to drab color, and are pretty 
thickly distributed in parallel layers of one to two or three feet thickness. 
An analysis by Prof. Schaeffer, as given in Admiral Wilkes’ report to the 
Secretary of the Navy in 1858, is as follows : protoxide of iron 40 per 
cent., silica 13, earthy matter 13, carbonaceous matter 34. This is evi- 
dently a black band ore. The following is an analysis (by Buck) of the 
ball-ore proper, as it occurs at the Gulf, and such as was used extensively 
and successfully as a flux during the late war: 
15 
Silica, 6.04 
Alumina, 0.48 
Protoxide of Iron, > 14.51 
Sesquioxide of Iron, 1.63 
Lime, 29.57 
Magnesia, 6.51 
Carbonic Acid, 38.30 
Phosphoric Acid, 0.92 
Sulphuric Acid, 0.19 
Organic Matter, 1.45 
Water, 0.40 
Which gives 52.80 per cent, of carbonate of lime, and 13.60 of carbonate 
of magnesia. Its adaptation to the purposes of a flux is obvious. 
There are many outcrops of ferriferous limestone in the neighborhood 
of Egypt (and the Endor furnace), among others this, near Dowd’s Saw 
Mill: 
