ECONOMICAL GEOLOGY. 
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this exception these ores are well constituted, containing the necessary 
amounts of carbon, of flux and of manganese, for the manufacture of iron 
very cheaply, by judicious mixing of the ores, obtainable in the imme- 
diate neighborhood. It is not probable that this phosphatic fossiliferous 
character will follow the ore-beds and appear at the other outcrops in the 
same force ; it is a character likely to be local. An investigation of these 
beds at other points is therefore very important and will be instituted as 
soon as practicable. Such ores are, however, valuable for casting. Out- 
side of the line of outcrops of the coal, and within a few rods of it, is a 
bed of limonite belonging to the underlying shales. The thickness is 2 
to 3 feet, and it is traceable for a considerable distance along the surface. 
Probably it is the result of the weathering of some of the argillaceous 
carbonates already described. And a similar outcrop has been noticed, 
and the bed partly stripped, at a point 1^- miles southeast of Egypt, on 
Pretty Creek, known as the Mclver ore-bed. It is 20 inches thick. This 
is a very slaty and somewhat shaly limonite, with occasional masses of ore 
of considerable size, and is embedded in shales. It is obviously the re- 
sult of the oxidation of one of the black-band or argillaceous carbonate 
seams already described, but it is in the forest, and its exact geologi- 
cal relations are concealed, as well by vegetation as by overlying earth. 
An analysis of a sample of this ore, by Buck, for the Company above 
referred to, gives the following result : 
Metallic Iron, 47.59 
Sulphur, 0.14 
Phosphorus, 0.94 
The Evans vein is about 6 miles north of the Gulf, on the Graham 
road. It is 6 feet thick. This ore is a hematite, non-crystalline, scarcely 
sub-metallic, hardness 6 to 6-|, jaspery, non-magnetic, dark gray to bluish 
black, streak dark-red, fracture sub-conchoidal. The country is (Huronian) 
talcoid and chloride argillite, which is a sort of spotted slate conglomerate, 
in the hill a few hundred yards beyond. Wilkes gives the following 
analysis, (by Schaeffer): 
Peroxide of Iron, 96.4 
Silica, 2.1 
Earthy Matter, 1.5 
The ore is scattered abundantly in fragments over the surface of several 
acres. Bmmons traced the vein three quarters of a mile. He speaks 
