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bosom — from the screw used to remove buildings, to the syphon em- 
ployed to empty mines — from the vacuum inboxes to raise ships, to that 
in pipes to carry cars by air, with more than steam-like velocity — from 
the diving-bell to bring up ocean treasures, to its use in making sea-walls 
and wharves under water — from the pump to empty poison from the 
human stomach, to the chemical extraction of oil from lard, as well as 
cotton seed, and sugar from Indian corn ; and the chemical improve- 
ments in making iron, refining sugar, bleaching cloth, manufacturing 
soap and glass, and even loco foco matches and composition for razor 
straps— -from scientific changes in most kinds of mills and their gear — 
from the use of the circular saw in many new objects — from planing 
and grooving by machinery, to the employment of the lathe so as to 
turn even crooked lasts and gun-stocks, and saw, cut, and punch iron 
almost as easily as wood ; and beside, vast improvements in stoves and 
warming buildings, and in the new uses of India rubber, and in print- 
ing by improved presses and steam, and in the making of paper ; to save 
such time in business also, as to be able to manufacture a book from the 
rough rags in a single day ; tan leather in a week ; wear cloth made 
up from the raw cotton or wool in half that time ; convert the coarsest 
scraps of iron into nails or hoops in a few hours ; force the hardest sub- 
stance to yield before the compound blow-pipe in as many minutes ; use 
galvanism to plate with silver or gold as quickly ; paint a portrait by- 
sunbeams in a single minute ; and, indeed, carry on distant correspon- 
dences by electricity and magnetism, with a speed that would encircle 
the Globe itself in less than a second ; with a myriad of other cases, 
showing the infinitely new ways in which an ingenious and enterprising 
people delight to apply science for practical benefit. 
If still more illustrations were needed, one might ascend from earth 
to the heavens, and see what “has been done in telescopes, quadrants, 
orreries, and other instruments, to unfold their mysteries, or convert 
their movements into guides to man over pathless oceans and des- 
serts ; and anticipate, if possible, the still new and gorgeous worlds yet 
to be opened to our gaze and practical use, through improvements in 
observatories, and in reflecting glasses, by the continued efforts of scien- 
tific skill ; and, at the same time, for our awe, and admiration, and re- 
ligious homage, developing a mechanism in the great architect of all 
things, as far beyond ours — our highest — as ours exceeds that of the 
savage — and extending from the flower and chrystal , and the living frame 
of insects, as well as mammoths, to all the marvellous laws of the plan- 
