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PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 
Deltoid, when the shape of the Greek letter A, as Chenopodium. 
( b ) Apex of Leaf. — Acute, when the margins form an acute angle 
at the tip of the leaf. Example: Eriodictyon. 
Acuminate, when the point is longer and more tapering than the 
acute. Examples: Pellitory, Coffee. 
Obtuse, blunt or round. Example: Long Buchu. 
Truncate, abruptly obtuse, as if cut square off. (Tulip Poplar). 
Mucronate, terminating in a short, soft point. Example: Senna 
leaflets. 
Cuspidate, like the last, except that the point is long and rigid. 
Aristate, with the apex terminating in a bristle. 
Emarginate, notched. Example: Pilocarpus. 
Reluse, with a broad, shallow sinus at the apex. Example: Petal 
of Rosa gallica. 
Obcordate, inversely heart-shaped. Example: Oxalis. 
(c) Base oi Leaf. — Cordate, heart-shaped. Example: Lime. 
Reniform, kidney-shaped. Examples: Ground Ivy, Asarum. 
Hastate, or halbert-shaped, when the lobes point outward from 
the petiole. Example: Aristolochia Serpentaria. 
Auriculate, having ear-like appendages at the base. Example: 
Philodendron. 
Sagittate, arrow-shaped. Example: Bindweed. 
(d) Margin of Leaf. — Entire, when the margin is an even line. 
Example: Belladonna. 
Serrate, with sharp teeth which incline forward like the teeth of a 
hand-saw. Example: Peppermint. 
Dentate, or toothed, with outwardly projecting teeth. Chestnut. 
Crenate, or Scalloped, similar to the preceding forms, but with the 
teeth much rounded. Examples: Digitalis, Salvia. 
Repand, or Undulate, margin — a wavy line. Example: Hamamelis. 
Sinuate, when the margin is more distinctly sinuous than the last. 
(Stamonium.) 
Incised, cut by sharp, irregular incisions. Example: Hawthorn. 
Runcinate, the peculiar form of pinnately incised leaf observed in 
the Dandelion and some other Compositae in which the teeth are 
recurved. 
A Lobed leaf is one in which the indentations extend nearly to the 
