PLANT ORGANS AND ORGANISMS 165 
A Bacca is a berry from an inferior ovary. Examples: Goose- 
berry, Honeysuckle, Currant. 
The Pepo or Gourd Fruit is a baccate fruit of large size which has 
developed from an inferior ovary. It is fleshy internally and has a 
tough or very hard rind. Examples: Fruits of the Cucurbitacece 
and the Banana. 
The Hesperidium is a large thick-skinned succulent fruit with 
seeds embedded in the pulp but from a superior ovary. Examples: 
Orange, Grape-fruit, Lemon, etc. In each of these there is to be 
noted a glandular leathery epicarp, a sub-leathery mesocarp and 
an endocarp in the form of separate carpels. From the endocarp 
hairs grow inward into the carpellary cavities and become filled with 
succulence. The seeds lie amid the hair cells. 
V. Drupaceous Fruits (Succulent fruits in which the mesocarp 
is more or less succulent, but the endocarp leathery or stony). — 
A Drupe is a one-celled, one-seeded drupaceous fruit such as the 
fruit of the Plum, Peach, Prune, Sabal, Rhus, Piper, Cherry, etc., 
whose endocarp or putamen is composed wholly of stone cells or 
stone cells and sclerenchyme fibers. 
The Pome is a fleshy drupaceous fruit, two or more celled with 
fibrous or stony endocarp, the chief bulk of which consists of the 
adherent torus. Quince, Apple and Pear are examples. The car- 
pels constitute the core, and the fleshy part is developed from the 
torus. 
Aggregate Fruits. — An Etaerio consists of a collection of little 
drupes on a torus of a single flower. Examples: Raspberry, Black- 
berry, etc. 
Multiple Fruits.- — The Syconium is a multiple fruit consisting of a 
succulent hollow torus enclosed within which are akene-like bodies, 
products of many flowers. Example: Fig. 
The Sorosis is represented by the Mulberry, Osage Orange, etc., 
the grains of which are not the ovaries of a single flower, as in the 
Blackberry, but belong to as many separate flowers. In the Pine- 
apple all the parts are blended into a fleshy, juicy, seedless mass, and 
the plant is propagated by cuttings. 
The Strobile or Cone is a scaly, multiple fruit consisting of a 
scale-bearing axis, each scale enclosing one or more seeds. The 
