2g8 PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 
Zanthoxylece, woody and green in sub-family — Aurantiece. Leaves 
alternate or opposite, simple ( Ruta ), rarely whorled ( Pilocarpus ) or 
pinnatifid, as in Ruta graveolens, or 
pinnate, as lower parts of Ruta grave- 
olens, becoming reduced pinnate in 
Citrus Aurantium. Leaves exstipu- 
late or with spiny stipules (Xan- 
thoxylum). Stems and leaves abound 
in more or less sunken glands. 
Flowers pentamerous, varying in 
color from yellow in Ruta to white 
in Citrus to pink ( Barosma betulina) 
or pink crimson as in some Barosma 
and Diosma species, rarely to pinkish- 
purple (. Pilocarpus ); sepals five, 
aposepalous becoming in Citrus more 
or less synsepalous; petals five, apo- 
petalous becoming more or less 
synpetalous and tubular ( Correa 
grandiflora)-, stamens five, simple or 
with expanded liases, lobed, or lobes 
developed as staminal stipules and 
more or less split ( Citrus ); pistil of 
ten, five, three or two carpels, ovary 
as many-celled. Fruit a capsule 
(Dittany ,X anthoxylum) , berry ( Citrus ) 
Seeds albuminous or exalbuminous. 
Many of the plants contain volatile oils in their secretory cavities. 
Official drug 
Part used 
Botanical origin 
Habitat 
Aurantii Dulcis 
Outer rind of 
Citrus Aurantium 
Sub-tropics 
Cortex 
ripe fruit 
sinensis 
Aurantii Amari 
Cortex 
Rind of fruit 
Citrus Aurantium 
amara 
Northern India 
Limonis Cortex 
Outer rind of 
Citrus medica 
Northern India 
ripe fruit 
Limonum 
[ Pilocarpus Jaborandi 
Pilocarpus 
Leaflets | 
Pilocarpus 
microphyllus 
Brazil 
Fig. 164. — Barosma betulina — 
Branch and flower. (Sayre.) 
or rarely a samara (Ptelea). 
