336 
PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 
Hydro phyllacece or Water Leaf Family.- — Annual, herbaceous, 
rarely perennial woody plants whose stems, branches, leaves and 
sepals are often viscous and glandular hairy. Leaves alternate, 
exstipulate, from simple linear to pinnatipartite to pinnate. Inflor- 
escence rarely expanded, usually scorpioid cymes. Flowers small 
to large, funnel-form in Eriodictyon calif ornicum; sepals five, green; 
petals five, regular; corolla varying from small stellate with slightly 
fused petals to large rotate, campanulate or tubular, in color varying 
from greenish-white or yellow to rarely white, often pink, purple 
or blue; stamens five, rarely with alternate staminodes; pistil bicar- 
pellate. Fruit a two-celled capsule dehiscing usually septicidally. 
Official drug Part used Botanical origin Habitat 
Eriodictyon Leaves Eriodictyon California and 
californicum New Mexico 
" Borraginacece or Borage Family.- — Herbaceous (Borraginece sub- 
family) or shrubby ( Heliotropece sub-family), plants forming a pri- 
mary root and a single or often branched shoots. Leaves often 
divisible into expanded, sometimes large basal and alternate scat- 
tered cauline leaves. Each of these simple, exstipulate, often hairy, 
rarely glabrous. Inflorescence a raceme of dichesial or scorpioid 
cymes, at times condensed into a dichesium of scorpioids or a simple 
scorpioid cyme. Flowers pentamerous, regular, passing to slight 
or marked irregularity ( Ecliium ) ; sepals five; green, slightly or deeply 
gamosepalous, often hairy; petals five, the corolla varying in shape 
from rotate with shallow tube ( Myosotis and Borage ), to tubular 
(Symphytum) , to funnel-shaped in most species, in color, all transi- 
tions frequently purple-blue to blue; stamens five; pistil bicarpellate, 
syncarpous, embryologically two-celled with two ovules in each 
cavity, but dorsal ingrowths divide ovary by time of flowering into 
four cells with one ovule in each cavity; style gynobasic. Fruit 
typically four-nutlets. Seeds solitary in each cavity and either 
scantily albuminous ( Heliotropece ) or exalbuminous ( Borraginece ). 
Unofficial 
Symphytum 
(Comfrey) 
Cynoglossum 
(Hound’s tongue) 
Part used 
Root 
Herb and root 
Botanical origin Habitat 
Symphytum officinale Europe and 
United States 
Cynoglossum United States 
officinale 
