N. 0. RANtlNOULAOE’E. 
15 
15. A. Napellus, Linn, h.f.br.i., i. 28. 
Vern . : — Dudhiabish ; Katbish ; Mith4-Zahar; Tilia cachang ; 
Mobri (Kashmir and Panjab Himalayan names). The root in 
Kashmir is called Ban-bal-n&g, Vasa nabhi (Tel.); Dudhio 
Vachanag (GuzA 
Habitat: — Temperate, Alpine Himalaya, from 10,000 feet to 
the highest limit of vegetation in the N.-W. Provinces. 
An annual erect herb, starting from an elongated tuberous 
conical rootstock. Root 2 — 4 iu. long, and sometimes as much as 
an inch in thickness. This root tapers off in a long tail, while 
numerous branching rootlets spring from its side. If dug 
up in the summer, it will be found that a second and a younger 
root (occasionally a third) is attached to it, near its summit, by 
a very short branch and is growing out of it on one side. This 
second root has a bud at the top which is destined to 
produce the stem of the next season. Tt attains its maximum 
development at the latter part of the year, the parent root, 
meanwhile, becoming shrivelled and decayed. The dried root 
is more or less conical or tapering, enlarged, knotty at the 
summit, which is crowned with the base of the stem. It is from 
2 — 3 or 4 inches long, and at the top from \ — 1 in. thick. A 
transverse section of a sound root shows a pure white central 
portion (pith) which is many-sided and has at each of its 
projecting angles a thin fibro-vascular bundle. (Fluckiger and 
Hanbury). Stem (— Stiff upright herbaceous, simple, 3-4ft. high, 
clothed at its upper half with spreading dark-green leaves, which 
are paler on their underside; glabrous or slightly pubescent, 
often decumbent. Leaves 3 — 5 or more inches long, nearly 
half consisting of the channelled petiole, palmati-partite ; 
very variable in size. The blade which has a roundish 
outline, is divided down to the petiole into three principal 
segments, of which the lateral are sub-divided into two or 
even three, the lowest being smaller and less regular than 
the others. The segments, which are trifid, are finally cut 
into 2 or 5 strap-shaped pointed lobes. The leaves are usually 
glabrous and are deeply impressed on their upper side by veins 
which run' with but few branchings to the tip of every lobe. 
