102 
INDIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS. 
oblong-oval, very obtuse or retuse, entire, glabrous, glaucous, 
somewhat fleshy ; petiole £ in. Flowers few, rather large, in 
terminal corymbose racemes, without bracts ; pedicels £ in., 
smooth ; Calyx-lobes £ in , lanceolate, acute or obtuse, reflexed. 
Petals distant, 1 in., ovate, acute, erect, veined, green. Stamens 
much exceeding petals, spreading ; filaments white, anthers 
green ; gynophore £ in., ovary short, truncate. Fruit yellow, 
1-3 in. (Brandis) ; a berry 1-2 in. long, fleshy, irregularly, and 
interrupted by moniliform, smooth, many-seeded ; each seed 
portion forming almost a separate berry. Cotyledons fleshy, 
involute. Flowers green, sweet-scented. 
Part used : — The root. 
Use ; — The root slightly resembles liquorice root in ap- 
pearance and taste. It is said to be used as an alterative, tonic 
and stimulant. 
This plant lias two varieties: — Var. 1. glabra. Hooker’s Ic. 
PI. t. 127. 
Var. 2. scabra. Camb in Jacq. Voy. Bot. 22, t-23, 24. 
Niebuhria oblongifolia, Royle 111. 73. 
89 . Gratceva religiosa, Forsk. h.f.b.i., i. 172 . 
Syu. Capparis trifoliata, Roxb. 426. 
Sans. : — Varuna ; asmarighna. 
Vern. : — Barua, barun, bilasi, bila, biliana (Hind.) ; Barun, 
tikto-shak (Beng.) ; Tailadu, bun boronda (Mechi ) ; Purbong, 
(Lepcha) ; Barua, barnahi, (Pb.) ; Raj Bela, bel (C.P.) ; V&ya- 
varna, Chqtavarna, hadavarna, kunla, warnna, karvan (Bomb.) ; 
kuinla, karwan (Mar.) ; maraliugam, marvilinga, narvala, (.Tam.) ; 
(Nirvala vituse) (Kan., Mai.) ; uskia, usiki, asiki maun, ulimidi, 
urimidi, urimitti, tella ulimidi, tella vule (Tel.). 
Habitat : — Near streams in Malabar and Canara ; culti- 
vated elsewhere in India. 
A moderate-sized, spreading, unarmed, deciduous, tree. 
Bark grey, £ in. thick, with long horizontal wrinkles. Wood 
yellowish-white, when old turning light brown, moderately 
