N. 0. CAPPARIDE.E. 
109 
of Sindh, p. 154 ) The fruit is pickled by Banyas of Bombay, 
i.e., natives of Surat. 
Dr. Dytnock says that the plant possesses somewhat simi- 
lar properties to G. spinosa. 
96. G. sepiaria, Linn., H.F.B.I., I. 177. Roxb. 
425. 
Sanskrit — Kikadani, Gridhranakhi. 
Vei-n. : — Hiun, garua bins (Pb. > ; Kanta-gur-K&mai, Kalia 
Kara (B.) ; Kanti Kapali lUriya) ; Kanthar (Guz.) ; Nella-uppi 
(Tell.); Ivantharrel (Marathi). 
Habitat: — Dry places throughout India, from the Punjab 
and Sindh to Burma and Carnatic. 
A straggling large, wiry-branched shrub or small tree. 
Branchlets pubescent, hoary or tomentose. Dark-brown, | in. 
thick, often studded with thorns in pairs. Wood white, hard, 
sometimes with occasional rings of dark liber-like tissue. Pores 
moderate-sized, scanty, in white rings. Medullary rings short, 
fine to moderately broad. Faint white concentric bands across 
the rays (Gamble). Thorns recurved, being modified stipules. 
Leaves ovate-oblong, obovate or oblong lanceolate, subacute or 
retuse, elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, penni-nerved, downy 
(rarely glabrous) beneath ; |-1£ by J-f in. ; petiole j l z in. Flowers 
white in. diam., in many dowered sessile or shortly pedun- 
cled umbels ; pedicels slender or filiform, in. ; sepals oblong 
or ovate ; petals narrow, oblong. Ovary ovoid, pointed; gyno- 
phore in. Fruit pisiform, black when ripe. Flowering 
time — February -May ; "Rainy season ” — says Kanjilal, in Upper 
India. 
Uses : — Said by the Sanskrit writers to be useful in 
fevers caused by deranged bile and wind. Also considered 
alterative and tonic and useful in skin diseases U. C. Dutt.) 
The plant possesses febrifugal properties. 
97. C. horrida, Linn. f. H.B.F.I., I. 178. 
Syn. : — C. zeylanica, Roxb. 425. 
Sam. : — Eluukaru. 
