N. O. VIOLACE#:. 
Ill 
N. 0. VIOLACEiE. 
98. Reseda odorata, Linn, h.f.b.i., i. 181. 
Habitat : — An English annual herb, cultivated in Indian 
gardens in the cold weather. 
(Sweet-mignonette). Annual or perennial. Stems diffuse, 
of varying height, L-2 ft., generally, clothed with bluntish 
lance-shaped leaves, entire or three-lobed. Flowers in long, 
loose, terminal racemes. Calyx 6-parted ; petals creamy, finely 
cut into numerous divisions. Anthers red. Seeds numerous, 
in an ever open capsule. 
(Favourite Flowers of Garden and Greenhouse by Edward 
Step, F. L. S., London, 1890. Vol. I., p. 65). 
Use : — It is put to the same uses as violets. 
Chemistry : — The root yields an oil, on distillation, which 
smells of radishes, has a light brown color, a sp. gr. of 1067 
at 15°, and a rotation of + 1° 30' in a 100 mm. tube. This oil is 
phenylethylthiocarbainide, for, when heated with strong hydro- 
chloric acid, it yields phenylethylamine hydroclorids, carbon 
oxysulphide and hydrogen sulphide being evolved ; phenyl- 
ethylthiocarbamide is produced when it is heated with alcoholic 
ammonia. Diphenylethyloxainide melts at 180° and phenyl- 
ethylthiocarbamide at 137°. (J. Oh. S. 1895, p. 218). 
99. Viola serpens, Wall, h.f.b.i., i. 184. 
Vern . : — Hanafsha (H.) ; thungtu (Kumaon). 
Habitat : — Moist woods, etc., throughout the temperate 
Himalaya, Khasia Hills, Pulney and Nilgiri Mountains, Ceylon. 
A perennial herb, with a slender ascending root-stock, 
usually giving off long prostrate, glabrous, rooting branches. 
Hooker says : “ Stolons and stems usually long, leafy and 
-flowering.” Leaves 1-1| in., broadly cordate-ovate, acute or 
obtuse, crenate-serrate, more or less hairy on both surfaces ; 
petioles usually longer than leaves, hairy, especially at the 
upper part ; stipules free, fimbriate. Flowers ?-§ in., nodding ; 
