N. O. BIXINEiE. 
119 
Brandis describes this as a middle-sized deciduous tree. 
Whereas Kanjilal, wrjting about the same tree as found in 
the Sal Forests of Dun, says it is a small evergreen tree. Bark 
smooth. Wood hard, close-grained, reddish or orange-red, 
brittle. Stem armed with compound spines “ up to middle age,” 
says Kanjilal. Young shoots slightly pubescent. Leaves 3-5 in. 
long, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, long-acuminate, crenate, thin but 
tough, quite rounded. Petiole in. long. Flowers de- 
ciduous, very small, in irregular glabrous racemes. Sepals hairy 
within, edges ciliate. Stigmas 4-6, capitate. Ovary flask-shaped, 
narrowed into a short cylindric or conical style. Fruit globose, 
in. diam., purple when ripe, crowned by the persistent 
stigmas on peduncles, in. long, very acid, dark purple when 
ripe. Stones 10-14, flat. 
Parts used : — The leaves, shoots, bark and fruit. 
Use: — The fruit is' recommended as useful in bilious 
conditions and, like most acid fruits, it no doubt relieves the 
nausea and checks the purging (Dymock) The fruit is most 
delicious. 
The leaves and young shoots taste like rhubarb, and are 
supposed to possess astringent and stomachic properties, and 
are prescribed in diarrhoea and weakness (Watt.) 
The leaves are said to have diaphoretic properties. 
106. F. Ramontchi, L'Herit. h . p . b . i ., i . 193. 
var. Sapida, Roxb. 739. 
Sans. : — Sw&du-kantaka. 
Vern. : — Bilangra ; bhanber ; Kanju, handi ; kattar ; katti ; 
bowchi (H.) ; Bincha ; Katai ; Tambat (B.) ; ICatail (Palamow) ; 
Serai i ; Mehlo Sarlarka (Kol.) ; Merlec (Santal.); Bonicha ; 
Baili ; Baincho (Uriya) ; Arma-Suri ; Katien (Gond.) Kank ; 
Kanki ; Bi: „i (C. P.) Swadu-kantaka ; Tambat; Kaikun,; 
Pahr Bhekal Kakad (Bombay) ; Kanregu (Tel.). Gupra (Coorg). 
Habitat : — In Southern India and Ceylon. Throughout 
the forests of the Sewalik Division, Mussoorie, and Malkot Hills, 
and the valleys of Jaunsar, from the Punjab Eastward, 
