N. 0. BIXINE.E. 
125 
The fatty oil from its seeds very closely resembles Chaulmoogra oil, 
both in physical characters and in chemical composition. The acids obtained 
from the oil consist chiefly of Chaulmoogric acid and a lower homologne of 
the same series. This new acid has the formula : Cj^H 2 0^ and is designated 
hydnocarpic acid. , 
Hydnocarpic acid crystallises from alcohol in glistening leaflets, melts at 
60“ and has [a]o+68° in chloroform solution. Like Chaulmoogric acid, it 
contains only one ethylenic linking, and, therefore, in consideration of its 
formula, C 14 H I8 0, (C n H 2 „— 40 7 ) must possess an alicyclic grouping. 
(Power and Barrowcliff, Transactions, Ch. 8. Vol. LXXXVII, p. 884 et seq. 
110 . Taraktogenos Kurzii, King. 
Syn. : — Hydnocarpus lieterophillus, Kurzt 
Vernacular : — Kalanzo. (Burin.) (Gamble). Kalawaso 
(Burin.) (Brandis). 
Habitat : — Estern and Southern slopes of the Pegu Yoma, 
very frequent in Martaban ; forests of Sylhet ; Chittagong ; 
Minbu district, Upper Burma. 
An evergreen tree 40-50 ft. Shoots, young leaves and 
inflorescence tawny, pubescent. Leaves thinly coriaceous, entire, 
7-10 in., lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate. Secondary nerves 
very prominent beneath, tertiary, numerous, transverse and 
parallel. Sepals 4. Petals 8,. broadly ovate, ciliate, each with 
a flat, fleshy pubescent gland at the base. Stamens 24, free, 
filaments hairy. Fruit size of an orange, tawny, velvety. 
Seeds numerous, embedded in a pulp. 
Use : — This is the tree- which yields the Chaulmoogra 
seeds and oils of commerce, and not gynocardia odorata, R. Br. 
The seeds of Taraktogenos kurzii (King) and not of Oyhocardia odorata 
yield the oil. The seeds contain a hydrolytic enzyme and also an unstable 
cyanogeu compound, which reacts with the enzyme, when the seeds are 
crushed, giving rise to hydrogen cyanide. On expression, the seeds yielded 
S0'9 p.c. of a fatty oil, which had the following constants :m. pt., 22°-28° C; 
sp. gr., 0’95l at 25° and 0'940 at 45° O ; [a] 13 °D = +52° ; acid value, 28-9 ; saponi- 
fication value, 213 ; iodine value, 108’2. On hydrolysis, the fatty oil yielded 
glycerol, a very small amount of phytosterol, 0 25 H 43 'OH(m. ot. 182°C.) and 
a mixture of fatty acids (m. pt. 44°-45°) [o]d= +52-6° in chloroform ; acid value, 
215 ; iodine value, 103’2), which consisted chiefly of several homologous acids 
belonging to a series C°H I ° 4 0 2 containing a closed ring and one ethylenio 
linking, no member of which has hitherto been insolated from a fatty oil. 
The highest of these homologues present, which was isolated in a pure con- 
