572 
INDIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS. 
Habitat: — Garhwal and Kumaon ; Sikkim; Deccan Penin- 
sula, especially the Western side, common ; Burma. 
A shrub or tree, 20ft, high ; glabrous. Leaves 4-8 by 
l-2in., broad elliptic, little acuminate, rounded or acute at the 
base ; petiole ^in. Flowers numerous, green, with a disagreeable 
odour, clustered in the axils of the leaves. Pedicels short, about 
iin., jointed above the base, pubescent below the articulation. 
Calyx lobes 5, sometimes pubescent. Petals none. Stamens 8, 
alternating with scale-like staminodes. Fruit fin., oblong- 
ellipsoid, 3-valved, glabrous, shining, 12 seeded. 
This species is distinguished from C. esculenta by its less 
entire, less thick, leaves, and the Calyx pubescent at its base. 
Use : — The fruit is used for poisoning fish (Duthie). 
520 . C. esculenta, Roxb : h.f.b.i.,, ii. 592 . 
Roxb., 377 . 
Vern. : — Kunda-jungura (Tel.) ; Kodnapragara (Tel.) ; Jiru 
kaneli (Mai.) ; Mori, bokra (Bomb.). 
Habitat ■ — Western coast from the Concan southwards, 
and Hills of the Western Ghats. Common in the moist and 
dry regions and heights of Ceylon. 
A shrub or tree, with slender branchlets, bark yellowish- 
white, smooth. Young parts glabrous. Wood moderately 
hard, evengrained. Leaves 2-5in., from narrow lanceolate to 
oval, tapering to base, shortly acuminate obtuse or sub-acute, 
entire or faintly serrate in upper part, perfectly glabrous, 
rather thick, petiole short, stipules persistent. Petals greenish, 
stout, longer than Calyx and articulated at base, which is sur- 
rounded by numerous very small bracts, few or many, on a 
raised boss, in axils of past and present leaves. Calyx-segments 
ovate, obtuse, persistent ; stamens 6 or usually 8 ; staminodes as 
long as filaments, oblong, ciliate or hairy. Fruit broadly 
ovoid or ellipsoid, |-fin. long, apiculate, glabrous or very 
slightly pubescent, edible, orange-yellow, dehiscing by 3 (or 2), 
thick valves. Seeds several, almost entirely covered by the 
fleshy lacerate scarlet aril (Trimen). 
Use '■ — The roots are purgative, and as such used by the 
hill people (Roxb). 
