250 
INDIAN MEDICINAL DLANTS. 
antiseptic, disinfectant and deodorant properties similar to those of eucalyp- 
tus. 
The bark of this and of the following, species contains berberine 
(K. L. Day). 
223. Z. acantho podium, D. C. h.f.b.i., i. 493. 
Vern : — Nipali dhanya ; tumra ; tejphal ; darmar (H); 
Tkumbul (Bj ; Bogay tirmir (Nepal) 
Habitat : — Hot valleys of the Sub-tropical Himalaya, from 
Kumaon to Sikkim and the Khasia Hills. 
A small tree. Bark jin. thick, greyish brown, shining, 
studded with the large conical corky bases of the prickles, 
which fall off as the tree grows. Wood yellowish white, soft. 
Pores small, often in short radial lines. Medullany rays fine. 
(Gamble). 
Branchlets glabrous or tomentose, leaflets 2-6 pairs, lan- 
ceolate, nerves distinct, glabrous or more or less pubescent 
beneath, petioles and rachis narrowly winged. Cymes very 
short, dense, j-lin. long, pubescent. Flowers apetalous. Wood, 
with a broad septate pith, adds J. U. Hooker. 
Use : — See Z . alatum above. 
224. Z. oxyphyllum, Edgew. h.f.b.i., i. 494. 
Habitat : — Himalaya, from Garkwal to Bhutan, also Khasia 
Hills. 
A climbing shrub, clothed with hooked prickles. “ Bark 
greyish brown, covered with large corky lenticels, and armed 
with recurved thorns on a conical corky base, often fin. high. 
Wood yellowish white, soft, porous. Pores large, usually many 
times subdivided radially. Medullary rays moderately broad, 
bent where they pass the pores. Annual rings marked by a 
white line ” (Gamble). Leaves very variable in size, 4-12 in., 
petiole arched, usually very prickly along the back. Leaflets, 
3-10 pair, alternate or opposite ; in young specimens ovate- 
lanceolate, very long-acuminate, crenate-serrate, pale ; nerves 
very distinct beneath, in older ones more elliptic or oblong, 
2-2|in. to upwards of 4in., coriaceous, shining above. Cymes 
much-branched, many-flowered. Flowers the largest of the 
